toluidine

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:口腔癌是全球主要的公共卫生问题,口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)是其最常见的亚型之一。尽管这种疾病的诊断和治疗取得了进展,仍然需要开发新的治疗方法以获得更好的结果.
    目的:本研究旨在探讨肉桂酰基磺酰胺异羟肟酸盐衍生物对OSCC的抗癌作用的分子机制。
    方法:通过多步过程合成衍生物,然后在分子水平上进行表征。流式细胞术检测DNA含量和细胞周期分布,茴香胺/甲苯胺双染色检测细胞凋亡,以及逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)基因表达分析,在暴露于肉桂酰基磺酰胺异羟肟酸盐衍生物的OSCC细胞系上进行。
    结果:流式细胞术揭示了用肉桂酰基磺酰胺异羟肟酸盐衍生物处理后,整个OSCC细胞系中细胞分布的显着变化。因此,它导致G0/G1期细胞明显减少,加上S阶段的增加,从而表明在循环的各个点的延迟。此外,在一些化合物处理后,通过茴香胺/甲苯胺双重染色观察到凋亡形态学改变。RT-PCR分析显示p21基因表达水平显著升高,进一步支持化合物诱导细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡的能力。
    结论:该研究强调了肉桂酰基磺酰胺异羟肟酸盐衍生物作为口腔癌候选药物的潜力,特别是OSCC治疗,阐明它们在分子水平上的运作,为开发有助于口腔癌治愈的靶向疗法铺平了道路。
    BACKGROUND: Oral cancer is a major public health concern worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being one of its most common subtypes. Despite advances in diagnosis and management of this disease, there remains a need to develop new therapeutic approaches for better outcomes.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms through which cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives exert their anticancer effects on OSCC.
    METHODS: The derivatives were synthesized via multi-step processes and then characterized at the molecular level. Flow cytometry assay for DNA content and cell cycle distribution, anisidine/toluidine double staining for apoptosis detection, as well as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) gene expression analysis, were performed on OSCC cell lines exposed to cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives.
    RESULTS: Flow cytometry unveiled remarkable changes in the distribution of cells throughout the OSCC cell line upon treatment with cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives. Consequently, it led to a noticeable decrease in cells at the G0/G1 phase, together with an increase at the S phase, thereby indicating a retardation at various points of the cycle. In addition, apoptotic morphological alterations have been observed by anisidine/toluidine double staining after some treatments with the compounds. RT-PCR analysis showed a marked increase in p21 gene expression levels, further supporting the compounds\' ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
    CONCLUSIONS: The research highlighted the potential of cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives as candidates for oral cancer, particularly OSCC treatment, shedding light on their operation at the molecular level and paving the way for the development of targeted therapies that could aid in the cure of oral cancer.
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  • 文章类型: English Abstract
    甲苯胺是膀胱癌的已知病因,但它作为高铁血红蛋白血症的病因并不被广泛认可,因为高铁血红蛋白血症是罕见的。我们在此报告一例50岁男性由甲苯胺引起的高铁血红蛋白血症。甲苯胺溶液在运输过程中从其容器溢出,并粘附在该人的衣服上,但是他开车去了100公里外的工作场所,没有换衣服或去污。在到达他的工作场所之前,他出现了呼吸困难,并打电话给急救服务,然后他被送往当地医院。他到达时出现了严重的紫癜,动脉血气分析显示高铁血红蛋白水平高达44%。他被诊断为甲苯胺诱发的高铁血红蛋白血症,并被送往我们医院,他被送进了重症监护室.高铁血红蛋白血症的治疗在住院后立即开始,患者的症状和高铁血红蛋白水平得到改善。处理甲苯胺并发展为紫癜和呼吸困难的工人应考虑高铁血红蛋白血症。
    Toluidine is a known cause of bladder cancer, but it is less widely recognized as a cause of methemoglobinemia because methemoglobinemia is rare. We herein report a case of methemoglobinemia caused by toluidine in a 50-year-old man. A solution of toluidine overflowed from its container during transportation and adhered to the man\'s clothes, but he drove to his workplace 100 km away without changing his clothes or undergoing decontamination. Before arriving at his workplace, he developed dyspnea and called emergency services, and he was then transported to a local hospital. He had significant cyanosis upon arrival, and arterial blood gas analysis revealed a high methemoglobin level of 44%. He was diagnosed with toluidine-induced methemoglobinemia and was transported to our hospital, where he was admitted to the intensive care unit. Treatment for methemoglobinemia was started immediately after hospitalization, and the patient\'s symptoms and methemoglobin level improved. Methemoglobinemia should be considered in workers who handle toluidine and develop cyanosis and dyspnea.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    BACKGROUND: To determine the safety and efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combination of 0.33 mM Toluidine Blue O (TBO) with 60 mW/cm2 LED irradiation for 5 min that we had established, this study investigated the cytotoxic effect of aPDT combination on mammalian oral cells (gingival fibroblast and periodontal ligament cells) and compared the antimicrobial efficacy of antibiotics (the combination of amoxicillin (AMX) and metronidazole (MTZ)) against representative periodontitis pathogenic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) versus our aPDT combination.
    RESULTS: aPDT combination did not show any detectable effect on the viability of Streptococcus sanguinis or Streptococcus mitis, the most common resident species in the oral flora. However, it significantly reduced CFU values of P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and A. actinomycetemcomitans. The cytotoxicity of the present aPDT combination to mammalian oral cells was comparable to that of standard antiseptics used in oral cavity. In antimicrobial efficacy test, the present aPDT combination showed equivalent bactericidal rate compared to the combination of AMX + MTZ, the most widely used antibiotics in the periodontitis treatment. The bactericidal ability of the AMX + MTZ combination was effective against all five bacteria tested regardless of the bacterial species, whereas the bactericidal ability of the aPDT combination was effective only against P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and A. actinomycetemcomitans, the representative periodontitis pathogenic bacterial species.
    CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the present aPDT combination in periodontitis treatment. TBO-mediated aPDT with LED irradiation has the potential to serve as a safe single or adjunctive antimicrobial procedure for nonsurgical periodontal treatment without damaging adjacent normal oral tissue or resident flora.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    OBJECTIVE: Porous spheres of the conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) and its derivatives are promising materials for use as functional encapsulants for payload delivery and catalyst supports. Stable water-in-oil-in water (W/O/W) double emulsions can be used to obtain this morphology, but typically require multiple surfactants and stabilizers. A single surfactant system that uses a small amphiphilic molecule is desirable, as it can simplify the method, improve its efficiency, and reduce its cost.
    METHODS: Granular poly(o-toluidine) (POT) was transformed into porous microspheres when ammonium hydroxide was added to an aqueous acidic dispersion containing the preformed polymer and amphiphilic o-toluidine (OT). The OT, POT, and ammonium hydroxide concentrations were varied to understand the formation mechanism. Conditions were optimized to obtain a narrowed size distribution.
    RESULTS: The rapid change from acidic to alkaline surroundings produces a W/O/W double emulsion from POT and OT over a relatively narrow concentration range. Spheres form when POT dissolves in immiscible OT droplets, and entrapped water droplets form the pores. OT serves as the single amphiphilic surfactant and dissolved POT serves as a hydrophobic co-stabilizer. o-Toluidine, m-toluidine, or p-toluidine could be used as the single surfactant to obtain porous spheres from preformed POT, PANI and poly(m-toluidine).
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Working as hairdressers has been associated with increased risk for cancer, particularly bladder cancer. To evaluate if current hairdressers have elevated risks of adverse health effects, we measured several biomarkers related to cancer-related DNA alterations. We enrolled 295 hairdressers and 92 non-hairdressers (all female non-smokers) from Stockholm and southern Sweden. Questionnaire data were collected for each participant, including work tasks for the hairdressers. We measured telomere length in peripheral blood leucocytes using quantitative PCR and DNA methylation status of genes relevant for bladder cancer using methylation sensitive high resolution melting analysis. The hairdressers had shorter telomeres (β = -0.069, P = 0.019) compared with non-hairdressers. Shorter telomeres were found in hairdressers up to 32 years old performing hair waving more than once per week as compared with hairdressers in the same age group performing hair waving less often (β = -0.12, P = 0.037). Hair waving was associated with less frequent CDKN2A methylation (odds ratio, OR = 0.19, P = 0.033). Shorter telomeres in hairdressers may indicate a genotoxic effect. Performing hair waving was associated with short telomere length, although the effect was only observed in young hairdressers. No clear patterns were discerned with regard to DNA methylation of bladder cancer-related genes. The observed changes of methylation were not all in the expected direction and warrant further investigation.
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