背景:许多小学生在学校期间出于各种原因而保留尿液和粪便。厕所通道有限,无法提供安全,卫生厕所使儿童面临避免厕所行为的风险。
目的:我们旨在检查个人卫生,环境条件,这些对儿童的看法,以及他们在小学的厕所使用情况。
方法:要求6-12岁的儿童及其父母填写一份关于如厕行为和对学校如厕标准的看法的自我报告问卷。
结果:使用问卷数据,下面列出了主要发现。
结论:我们发现9%和63%的儿童避免在学校排尿和排便,分别。以前报道了类似的结果。参与者对学校厕所的环境条件和条件的看法表明,34%的孩子认为厕所很脏或很脏。大约三分之一的人报告说有时或大部分时间缺乏卫生纸。学校厕所的这些不令人满意的卫生条件可以很容易地解决。不幸的是,我们研究中46%的儿童在学校厕所中遭受过欺凌。这些令人担忧的数据在其他研究中很少报道。女孩的排尿习惯,主要倾向于部分下蹲或站立的人可能会导致排尿功能失调和膀胱排空不完全。我们的研究受到人口相对较少的限制,自我报告问卷的主观性,以及被调查儿童在上学期间的排尿和排便习惯。这些时间不一定反映孩子们放学后和周末的习惯。尽管有这些限制,所讨论的有关个人卫生和采样小学环境条件的问题极为重要。
结论:近一半的学童对学校厕所有负面看法。这应该提高学校工作人员的认识和关注,以根据此处观察到的影响考虑和调查潜在的设施改善。实施适当的教育和更好的厕所环境设施和安全对儿童的福祉很重要。
Many primary school children withhold urine and stool whilst at school for various reasons. Limited
toilet access and the failure to provide safe, sanitary toilets are putting children at risk for
toilet avoidance behavior.
We aimed to examine personal hygiene, environmental conditions, the perception of these on children, and their
toilet use in primary schools.
Children aged 6-12 and their parents were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire regarding toilet behavior and the perception of school
toilet standards.
The main findings are listed below using the data from the questionnaire.
We found that 9% and 63% of the children avoided urination and defecating at school, respectively. Similar results were reported previously. The participants\' perceptions regarding the environmental conditions of school toilets and conditions revealed that 34% of the children felt that the toilets were dirty or very dirty. Around one-third of them reported a lack of
toilet paper sometimes or most of the time. These unsatisfying hygienic conditions of school toilets can be easily solved. Unfortunately, 46% of the children in our study experienced bullying in school toilets. These worrisome data are seldom reported in other studies. The urination habits of the girls, who mostly preferred to partially squat or stand may lead to dysfunctional voiding and incomplete bladder emptying. Our study was limited by the relatively small population, the subjectiveness of the self-reporting questionnaire, and the voiding and defecation habits of the investigated children during school hours. These hours do not necessarily reflect the children\'s habits after school hours and during the weekends. Despite these limitations, the discussed issues regarding personal hygiene and the environmental conditions in the sampled primary schools are extremely important.
Nearly half of the school children had negative perceptions of school toilets. This should raise awareness and concern for school staff to consider and investigate potential facilities improvement in light of the impact observed here. Implementation of appropriate education and a better environment of toilet facilities and security is important for the children\'s well-being.