炎症是许多疾病的关键病理特征,破坏正常组织结构并导致不可逆的损伤。尽管需要有效的炎症控制,目前的治疗方法,包括干细胞疗法,仍然不够。最近,脂肪干细胞(ADSC-EV)分泌的细胞外囊泡因其显著的抗炎特性而备受关注.作为生物活性物质的载体,这些囊泡已被证明在调节炎症和促进组织修复的条件如类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎,糖尿病,心血管疾病,中风,伤口愈合。因此,ADSC-EV正在成为传统ADSC疗法的有希望的替代品,提供优势,如降低免疫排斥的风险,增强稳定性,易于存储和处理。然而,ADSC-EV在病理条件下调节炎症的具体机制尚不完全清楚.本文综述了ADSC-EV在炎症控制中的作用。它们对疾病预后的影响,以及它们促进组织修复的潜力。此外,它提供了对未来临床研究的见解,专注于ADSC-EV治疗炎症性疾病,克服了一些与基于细胞的疗法相关的局限性。
Inflammation is a key pathological feature of many diseases, disrupting normal tissue structure and resulting in irreversible damage. Despite the need for effective inflammation control, current treatments, including stem cell therapies, remain insufficient. Recently, extracellular vesicles secreted by adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC-EVs) have garnered attention for their significant anti-inflammatory properties. As carriers of bioactive substances, these vesicles have demonstrated potent capabilities in modulating inflammation and promoting tissue repair in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and wound healing. Consequently, ADSC-EVs are emerging as promising alternatives to conventional ADSC-based therapies, offering advantages such as reduced risk of immune rejection, enhanced stability, and ease of storage and handling. However, the specific mechanisms by which ADSC-EVs regulate inflammation under pathological conditions are not fully understood. This review discusses the role of ADSC-EVs in inflammation control, their impact on disease prognosis, and their potential to promote tissue repair. Additionally, it provides insights into future clinical research focused on ADSC-EV therapies for inflammatory diseases, which overcome some limitations associated with cell-based therapies.