肥胖脂肪组织中的局部炎症已被证明有助于胰岛素抵抗;然而,巨噬细胞浸润在骨骼肌中的作用仍有争议。本研究旨在评估肥胖患者骨骼肌巨噬细胞基因表达与肥胖水平和胰岛素敏感性的关系。包括22名非糖尿病肥胖患者和23名健康瘦对照。肥胖患者接受3个月的减肥干预。巨噬细胞基因在骨骼肌中的表达(定量实时聚合酶链反应),身体成分(双能X射线吸收法),比较各组间胰岛素敏感性(稳态模型评估(HOMA)和口服葡萄糖耐量试验),并分析其相关性.为了验证骨骼肌的发现,我们用脂肪组织中的巨噬细胞基因表达重复分析.巨噬细胞基因的表达水平(CD68,CD11b,CD206,CD16,CD40和CD163)在肥胖与瘦参与者的骨骼肌组织中更低。还发现巨噬细胞基因表达与肥胖呈负相关,空腹胰岛素,和HOMA(r=-0.4~-0.6,p<0.05),与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关(r=0.4~0.8,p<0.05)。另一方面,脂肪组织巨噬细胞基因表达在肥胖和瘦的参与者中显示出更高的水平,与肥胖水平呈正相关。巨噬细胞基因表达,在骨骼和脂肪组织样本中,仅受到减肥干预的影响最小。与确定的肥胖和巨噬细胞基因表达之间的正关系相反,在骨骼肌组织中观察到这两个变量之间意外的负相关.此外,肌肉巨噬细胞基因表达与胰岛素抵抗呈负相关。
Local inflammation in obese adipose tissue has been shown to contribute to insulin resistance; however, the role of macrophage infiltration within skeletal muscle is still debatable. This study aimed to evaluate the association of skeletal muscle macrophage gene expression with adiposity levels and insulin sensitivity in obese patients. Twenty-two nondiabetic obese patients and 23 healthy lean controls were included. Obese patients underwent a 3-month weight loss intervention. Macrophage gene expression in skeletal muscle (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and oral glucose tolerance test) were compared between groups and their associations were analyzed. To validate skeletal muscle findings, we repeated the analyses with macrophage gene expression in adipose tissue. Expression levels of macrophage genes (CD68, CD11b, CD206, CD16, CD40, and CD163) were lower in skeletal muscle tissue of obese versus lean participants. Macrophage gene expression was also found to be inversely associated with adiposity, fasting insulin, and HOMA (r = -0.4 ∼ -0.6, p < 0.05), as well as positively associated with insulin sensitivity (r = 0.4 ∼ 0.8, p < 0.05). On the other hand, adipose tissue macrophage gene expression showed higher levels in obese versus lean participants, presenting a positive association with adiposity levels. Macrophage gene expression, in both skeletal and adipose tissue samples, was only minimally affected by the weight loss intervention. In contrast with the established positive relationship between adiposity and macrophage gene expression, an unexpected inverse correlation between these 2 variables was observed in skeletal muscle tissue. Additionally, muscle macrophage gene expression was inversely correlated with insulin resistance.