目的:系统回顾已发表的关于甲状腺孔(TF)患病率的研究,进行荟萃分析以生成汇总的患病率估计值,并确定与其存在相关的因素。
方法:在GoogleScholar进行了系统的文献检索,PubMed,和日志存储数据库。纳入报告甲状腺孔患病率的研究,没有语言或日期限制。使用AQUA工具进行质量评估。采用亚组分析进行随机效应荟萃分析。异质性使用希金斯I2统计数据进行评估,使用漏斗图和Egger检验评估发表偏倚。
结果:在271个条目中,38项研究符合纳入标准,包括来自各大洲的3,030名受试者。总TF患病率为24.5%(95%CI:19.2-29.8%,I2=93.44%),单侧TF占16.9%,双侧TF占6.2%。患病率在北美最高(31.4%,),非洲最低(12.3%)。成年人和年轻人之间没有发现明显的患病率差异(p=0.15)。出版偏见,或者小的研究效果,检测到(p<0.01)。
结论:这项荟萃分析显示,TF的总体患病率为24.5%,具有显著的异质性,主要由地理差异解释。TF的临床相关性需要外科医生和放射科医师的意识,以避免喉部手术期间的并发症并防止影像学检查中的误诊。
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review published studies on the prevalence of the thyroid foramen (TF), perform a meta-analysis to generate pooled prevalence estimates, and identify factors associated with its presence.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Journal Storage databases. Studies reporting the prevalence of the thyroid foramen were included without language or date restrictions. Quality assessment was performed using AQUA tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed with subgroup analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgins\' I2 statistics, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger\'s test.
RESULTS: Out of 271 entries, 38 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 3,030 subjects from various continents. The overall TF prevalence was 24.5% (95% CI: 19.2-29.8%, I2 = 93.44%), with unilateral TF present in 16.9% and bilateral TF in 6.2%. Prevalence was highest in North America (31.4%,) and lowest in Africa (12.3%). No significant prevalence difference was found between adults and younger populations (p = 0.15). Publication bias, or the small-study effect, was detected (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis reveals a 24.5% overall prevalence of TF, with significant heterogeneity primarily explained by geographical differences. The TF\'s clinical relevance necessitates awareness among surgeons and radiologists to avoid complications during laryngeal surgeries and prevent misdiagnosis in imaging studies.