theory of thinking

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    李尔王是人类试图在不断的生存动荡中寻找意义的永恒阐述。这需要导航与附属关系并存的自然和有害的人类行为的瓦解拉力,相互展示促进生活的手势。随着社会和二维心理结构提供的可预测性和安全性的崩溃,这部剧中的几个角色被迫考虑到不驯服的人,头脑和自然世界的组织较少。这导致了精神瘫痪和解体的运动,以及成长和人际康复,取决于字符内部结构的动力学。
    King Lear is a timeless exposition of humankind\'s attempt to find meaning amidst the ceaseless turbulence of existence. This entails navigating the disintegrating pulls of nature and harmful human action that exist alongside affiliative, life-promoting gestures shown toward one another. As the predictability and safety afforded by social and two-dimensional psychic constructs collapse, several characters in this play are forced to reckon with the untamed, less organized realms of the mind and natural world. This leads to movements toward psychic paralysis and disintegration, as well as toward growth and interpersonal healing, dynamics that hinge on the characters\' internal structuring.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Wagner\'s opera Parsifal is \"read\" with the help of Bion\'s theory of thinking in order to discover psychoanalytic \"truths\" implicit in it. These are then returned to Bion\'s model in order to further elaborate the theory itself. It is suggested the opera contains within it the idea that compassion may be used as an element of psychoanalysis in theory-building, particularly in order to combine it in the psychoanalytic theory of thinking. Bion intuited infantile sexuality as a component of the container/contained function, but did not formulate this in his model. It is suggested that Parsifal offers such a formulation, with compassion as an adjunct to the container/contained gained in the context of infantile sexuality. The rationale for such use of myth and art in psychoanalytic theory is examined, also with the help of Bion\'s thinking. This may serve as a demonstration of the use of myth and art in general, and opera in particular, in interdisciplinary exchanges that may enrich both psychoanalysis and the understanding of artworks.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    “常识”在大多数话语中无处不在,包括精神分析过程。它由多种不同的思维形式组成,这些思维形式具有一定的组织相似性。它在人际话语中的出现唤起了典型的情感,幻想,和主体间的经验,我称之为“常识的感觉”。由于其潜在的概念结构及其强大的情感和主体间成分,以及与之相关的各种思维形式的潜在概念组织,常识在分析过程中可以具有各种不同的功能;有些是为它的前进运动服务的,而其他人的功能,以各种方式,作为需要理解和解开的障碍。这种理解不仅揭示了病人的内部动态,但分析师在许多层面上串通参与立法。这种意识可能会影响分析师的技术决策,就像他或她的解释内容一样。我提供了一些这些现象的临床例证。
    \"Common sense\" is ubiquitous in most discourse, including the psychoanalytic process. It is comprised of multiple different forms of thinking which have certain similarities of organization. Its appearance in interpersonal discourse evokes typical affects, fantasies, and intersubjective experiences, which I call \"the feeling of common sense\". Because of its underlying conceptual structure and its powerful affective and intersubjective components, as well as the underlying conceptual organization of the various forms of thinking associated with it, common sense can have a variety of different functions in the analytic process; some serve its forward movement, while others function, in various ways, as impediments which need to be understood and unravelled. Such understanding sheds light not only on the patient\'s internal dynamics, but the analyst\'s collusive participation in enactments at many levels. Such awareness may shape the analyst\'s technical decisions as much as the content of his or her interpretations. I offer clinical illustrations of a number of these phenomena.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Peer Gynt, the main character in Ibsen\'s dramatic poem from 1867, has fascinated scholars since its publication. After a lifetime of escapades, Peer finds himself lonely, detached and with feelings of deadness. Gradually, the underlying structure of his personality confronts him. With the help of Wilfred Bion\'s ideas, it is possible to trace a distinct pattern, where unprocessed thoughts seem to play a decisive role in hindering Peer\'s self-realization. The main female character, Solveig, spends her life waiting for Peer. Eventually she develops into a container, ready to welcome Peer\'s stray thoughts. This paper demonstrates how she evolves Bionian capacities like reverie, and eschewing of memory and desire. The interpretation that follows thus challenges a tradition where Solveig is seen as a romantic figure who, like Goethe\'s Gretchen, is designed to save the male protagonist by unconditional love. This paper argues that Solveig plays a more active role towards Peer in offering significant tools for personal development. The paper concludes that Ibsen and Bion have uncovered elements of basic human conditions that in some significant ways seem to coincide.
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