在这篇文章中,我们回顾了生物衰老的主要理论,探索遗传的相互作用,表观遗传,新陈代谢,免疫学,和生态因素在这个过程中。为此,我们研究并讨论了代谢资源分配等理论,多效拮抗作用,遗传调控,密码子限制,复制性衰老,自由基的作用,热量限制,灾难性错误,免疫学理论,神经内分泌理论,编程老化,衰老的表观遗传学,祖母和照顾者理论和生态生物物理理论。我们确定了不同的生物学机制对衰老的贡献,强调代谢资源分配等理论的互补性,多效拮抗作用,和热量限制,提供更全面的现象。总之,我们强调需要考虑老龄化研究的不同观点,认识到没有一个单一的解释。整合这些理论对于全面了解这一过程并制定有效的老年健康和福祉干预措施至关重要。
In this article, we review the main
theories of biological aging, exploring the interaction of genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, immunological, and ecological factors in this process. For this purpose, we examine and discuss
theories such as the allocation of metabolic resources, pleiotropic antagonism, genetic regulation, codon restriction, replicative senescence, action of free radicals, caloric restriction, catastrophic error, immunological theory, neuroendocrine theory, programmed aging, epigenetics of aging, grandmother and caregiver
theories and ecological biophysical theory. We identify the contribution of different biological mechanisms to aging, emphasizing the complementarity of
theories such as the allocation of metabolic resources, pleiotropic antagonism, and caloric restriction, providing a more comprehensive view of the phenomenon. In conclusion, we highlight the need to consider diverse perspectives in aging research, recognizing the absence of a single explanation. Integrating these
theories is crucial to comprehensively understand the process and develop effective interventions in health and well-being in old age.