UNASSIGNED: The diagnosis and treatment of Sjogren\'s syndrome (SS) are commonly conducted by rheumatologists and stomatologists. The purpose of this study was to compare the scientometric characteristics of SS publications by rheumatologists and stomatologists.
UNASSIGNED: All the papers on cheilitis were comprehensively retrieved from the Scopus database, and divided into rheumatologists and stomatologists groups.
UNASSIGNED: There were 3245 and 1209 papers on SS were published by rheumatologists and stomatologists, respectively. For the most-cited top-200 papers, the total citation count was 29,764 and the h index was 108 for SS publications by rheumatologists; whereas the count is 19,891 and h index is 81 for publications by stomatologists. Interestingly, we observed that accumulated citations of the publications by stomatologists cooperated with rheumatologists were larger than those by stomatologists alone during 2012-2022. The more common keywords such as saliva, salivation, minor salivary glands, parotid gland, submandibular gland, sialography, lip, dental caries, and hyposalivation were reported by stomatologists. The more frequent keywords such as rheumatoid factor, fatigue, lymphoma, interstitial lung disease, arthralgia, Raynaud phenomenon, lymphadenopathy, and vasculitis were reported by rheumatologists.
UNASSIGNED: This study firstly reports the scientometric characteristics of SS publications by rheumatologists and stomatologists. The scale and citations of rheumatologists\' publications greatly outweigh those of stomatologists, suggesting stomatologists can cooperate more with rheumatologists regarding SS research.

Introduction Most fungal infections are responsive to antifungal therapy. However, failure to diagnose the same can significantly affect the quality of lives of patients. Timely identification of fungal infections and their association with varied demographic and clinical parameters will help in improving the prognosis of the patient. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of fungal infections among various age groups and genders and also to evaluate the association of fungal infections with demographic parameters. Methods This study included a sample size of n = 600. The demographic and clinical details were compiled and transferred to IBM SPSS Version 23 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) for statistical analysis. Descriptive and Pearson chi-square tests were used to analyze the association of the type of fungal infection with gender, age, and comorbidities. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results Angular cheilitis (40%, 240), followed by denture stomatitis (37.5%, 225), were the most common type of fungal infection among the sample population, and the elderly age group (51-72 years) was the most affected. Angular cheilitis was the most common infection among both males (21.4%, 128) and females (18.6%, 112), but candidiasis was reported more in females (18%, 108) than males (3%, 18) (p = 0.00). Angular cheilitis (32%, 192) and candidiasis (18%, 108) were more observed in association with anemia; however, denture stomatitis (34%, 204) was significantly higher among diabetics (p = 0.00). Conclusion The identification of associated systemic and demographic factors is as important as the treatment of fungal infection itself. The recognition of fungal infections and the role of parameters like age, gender, and systemic comorbidities in the development of fungal infections will have valuable implications for public health. Future research is required for a clear understanding of the same.

UNASSIGNED: Cheilitis is a relatively common lip disease with many etiologies and causes including concomitant mucocutaneous or systemic diseases, which needs multidisciplinary communication. The purpose of this study was to compare the scientometric characteristics of cheilitis publications by multidisciplinary specialists.
UNASSIGNED: All the papers on cheilitis were comprehensively retrieved from the Scopus database, and divided into three groups (dermatologists, stomatologists, and other scholars).
UNASSIGNED: There were 478 and 241 papers on cheilitis published by dermatologists and stomatologists, respectively. The total citation count was 5838 and the h index was 36 for cheilitis publications by dermatologists, and the total count was 2983 and the h index was 27 for cheilitis publications by stomatologists. Interestingly, we observed that dermatologists preferentially concerned contact cheilitis/dermatitis and plasma cell cheilitis, while stomatologists preferentially concerned cheilitis-related lip neoplasms including squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia, and precancerous conditions. The most common disorder researched by both dermatologists and stomatologists was actinic cheilitis. The keywords such as patch test, cosmetic, edema, drug efficacy, toothpaste, lipstick, allergens, and granulomatous inflammation were common in dermatologists\' publications; while the keywords such as protein expression, metabolism, risk factor, prevalence, malignant transformation, and carcinogenesis were common in stomatologists\' publications.
UNASSIGNED: This study for the first time reported the scientometric characteristics of cheilitis as an interdisciplinary disease researched by specialists. It highlights that cheilitis-related specialists through reciprocal collaboration and communication will improve the patients\' outcomes.

Oral microbial communities assemble into complex spatial structures. The sophisticated physical and chemical signaling systems underlying the community enable their collective functional regulation as well as the ability to adapt by integrating environmental information. The combined output of community action, as shaped by both intra-community interactions and host and environmental variables, dictates homeostatic balance or dysbiotic disease such as periodontitis and dental caries. Oral polymicrobial dysbiosis also exerts systemic effects that adversely affect comorbidities, in part due to ectopic colonization of oral pathobionts in extra-oral tissues. Here, we review new and emerging concepts that explain the collective functional properties of oral polymicrobial communities and how these impact health and disease both locally and systemically.

To assess the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients and to investigate its relationship with sociodemographic factors, pain and the psychological profile.
A case-control study was conducted by enrolling 242 BMS patients and 242 controls matched for age and gender. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded, and all participants completed numeric rating scale (NRS), the short-form of the McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), the Hamilton rating scale for anxiety and depression (HAM-A, HAM-D), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).
The BMS patients presented with a statistically significant higher prevalence of HTN compared to that in the controls (55% versus 33.5%; p-value: <0.001) and higher median scores of the NRS, SF-MPQ, HAM-A, HAM-D, PSQI and ESS (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis in the BMS patients indicated positive correlations between HTN and age, systemic diseases, drug consumption and anxiety (p-value: <0.001) and these predictors were responsible for 11.3% of the HTN variance in the BMS patients, when considered together.
The prevalence of HTN was significantly higher in the BMS patients, since ageing, the presence of comorbidities, drug consumption and anxiety were potential predictors. Further studies are needed to better investigate the relationship between BMS and HTN.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients of the pediatric age group with systemic comorbidities.
Medical records of 54 eyes (30 patients) of the pediatric age group with systemic comorbidities who had undergone cataract surgery in a tertiary-care center were reviewed. The following parameters were recorded: systemic comorbidity; toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, HIV (TORCH) profile, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), strabismus, nystagmus, and cataract morphology.
Thirty patients with a mean age of 55 months (9 months-14 years) were included. On average, every child was seen by three physicians, and the mean duration between the first visit to a physician and presentation to our center was 2.23 ± 0.67 years. The various causes for delay in referral include multiple referrals due to a lack of general anesthesia services in 78% of cases, a long waiting list at the referral hospital in 35% of cases, and a lack of awareness at the primary-care physician level in 50% of cases. The mean BSCVA at presentation was 1.4 logMAR (0.3 to 3 logMAR). The most common cataract morphology was that of zonular cataract (31.48%; 17/54). Strabismus and abnormal eye movements were observed in 27.7% (15/54) and 33.3% (18/54) of eyes, respectively. Various systemic associations were periventricular leukomalacia (12/30), Down\'s syndrome (6/30), seizure disorder (6/30), cardiac valvular anomalies (6/30), Marfan\'s syndrome (4/30), hypothyroidism (4/30), rubella (3/20), cytomegalovirus (3/20), cerebral palsy (2/30), nephrotic syndrome (2/30), Type 1 diabetes mellitus (1/30), microcephaly (1/30), cryptogenic West syndrome (1/30), congenital rubella syndrome (1/30), and Tourette syndrome (1/30). The mean postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at 2-year follow-up improved to 1.0 logMAR (0 to 3 logMAR). No postoperative complications were reported at the final follow-up. Around 70% of the parents reported improvement in their child\'s psychomotor skills.
Intellectually impaired pediatric patients with cataract should be operated upon whenever there is a presence of infrastructure, and unnecessary delay in surgery should be avoided by referring the patient to higher centers. Even though objective improvement in visual acuity was suboptimal, there was definitely an improvement in the psychomotor skills of the patients.

Periodontitis as a highly prevalent chronic infection/inflammatory disease can eventually lead to tooth loss and masticatory dysfunction. It also has a negative impact on general health and largely impairs quality of life. The tissue destruction during periodontitis is mainly caused by the excessive immune-inflammatory response; hence, how to modulate the host\'s reaction is of profound importance for effective periodontal treatment and tissue protection. Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone exhibiting multiple biological functions such as circadian rhythm regulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation, has been widely used in general healthcare. Notably, the past few years have witnessed increasing evidence for the application of melatonin as an adjunctive approach in the treatment of periodontitis and periodontitis-related systemic comorbidities. The detailed underlying mechanisms and more verification from clinical practice are still lacking, however, and further investigations are highly required. Importantly, it is essential to establish standard guidelines in the near future for the clinical administration of melatonin for periodontal health and general wellbeing.

Open-angle glaucoma (OAG), the most prevalent clinical type of glaucoma, is still the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. OAG is a neurodegenerative illness for which the most important risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Many questions remain unanswered about OAG, such as whether nutritional or toxic habits, other personal characteristics, and/or systemic diseases influence the course of glaucoma. As such, in this study, we performed a multicenter analytical, observational, case-control study of 412 participants of both sexes, aged 40-80 years, that were classified as having ocular hypertension (OHT) or OAG. Our primary endpoint was to investigate the relationship between specific lifestyle habits; anthropometric and endocrine-metabolic, cardiovascular, and respiratory events; and commonly used psychochemicals, with the presence of OHT or OAG in an ophthalmologic population from Spain and Portugal. Demographic, epidemiological, and ocular/systemic clinical data were recorded from all participants. Data were analyzed using the R Statistics v4.1.2 and RStudio v2021.09.1 programs. The mean age was 62 ± 15 years, with 67-80 years old comprising the largest subgroup sample of participants in both study groups. The central corneal thickness (ultrasound pachymetry)-adjusted IOP (Goldman tonometry) in each eye was 20.46 ± 2.35 and 20.1 ± 2.73 mmHg for the OHT individuals, and 15.8 ± 3.83 and 16.94 ± 3.86 mmHg for the OAG patients, with significant differences between groups (both p = 0.001). The highest prevalence of the surveyed characteristics in both groups was for overweight/obesity and daily coffee consumption, followed by psychochemical drug intake, migraine, and peripheral vasospasm. Our data show that overweight/obesity, migraine, asthma, and smoking are major risk factors for conversion from OHT to OAG in this Spanish and Portuguese population.

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most common risk factors (RFs) for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) development in general. The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent causes of RVO in patients under 50.
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated a group of patients with RVO under 50 years. The parameters of interest included age and sex, RVO type, presence of arterial hypertension (HT), hyperlipidaemia (HLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), congenital thrombophilic disorder (TD), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), thyroid eye disease (TED), use of hormone contraception (HC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT), glaucoma and other potential RFs. Patients with central RVO (CRVO), hemi-central RVO (HRVO), branch RVO (BRVO), impending CRVO and combined arterial-venous (AV) occlusion were included.
RESULTS: The group consisted of 110 eyes of 103 patients. CV disease was the most common systemic abnormality. 55.3% patients had HT, 17.5% had HLD. TD was the third most frequent RF (12.6%). The cohort also included patients with DM (6.8%), glaucoma (6.8%) and women using HC/HRT (26.2% of female patients). There were isolated cases of RVO due to retinal vasculitis, intense exercise, antiphospholipid syndrome and COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the patients had OSAS, TED or a haemato-oncological disease. The etiology remained unexplained in 20.4% patients. No difference was observed in RF occurrence between patients with CRVO and HRVO and those with BRVO.
CONCLUSIONS: The most common systemic abnormality in our cohort was CV disease, especially HT and HLD. The risk factors for central, hemi-central and branch RVOs were similar.

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