覆盖作物的间作已在几个农业生态系统中被采用,包括茶叶农业生态系统,促进生态集约化。先前的研究表明,在茶园中种植覆盖作物提供了不同的生态服务,包括害虫的生物防治。覆盖作物丰富土壤养分,减少土壤侵蚀,抑制杂草和害虫,并增加天敌(捕食者和寄生虫)的丰度。我们已经审查了可以纳入茶叶农业生态系统的潜在覆盖作物,特别强调覆盖作物在病虫害防治中的生态服务。覆盖作物被分类为谷物(荞麦,高粱),豆类(瓜尔豆,牛仔,tophrosia,毛茸茸的靛蓝,和太阳大麻),芳香植物(薰衣草,万寿菊,罗勒,和精液决明子),和其他(玉米,山椒,白三叶草,圆叶决明子,和蠕动的靛蓝)。豆科植物和芳香植物是最有效的覆盖作物物种,由于其特殊的好处,可以在单一栽培茶园中套种。这些覆盖作物物种改善作物多样性,并有助于大气固氮,包括功能性植物挥发物的排放,这增强了天敌的多样性和丰度,从而帮助生物防治茶害虫。覆盖作物为单一栽培茶园提供的重要生态服务,包括关于普遍存在的天敌及其在茶园害虫生物防治中的关键作用,也被审查过。气候适应型作物(高粱,cow豆)和散发芳香植物的挥发性混合物(决明子,万寿菊,flemingia)被推荐为可以在茶园中间作的覆盖作物。这些推荐的覆盖作物物种吸引不同的天敌并抑制主要的茶害虫(茶绿叶漏斗,白色的苍蝇,茶蚜虫,和错误的虫子)。据推测,在茶园的行中加入覆盖作物将是通过保护性生物防治减轻病虫害侵袭的有希望的策略。从而提高茶叶产量和保护农业生物多样性。此外,具有间作覆盖作物物种的种植系统将是环境良性的,并提供增加天敌丰富的机会,延迟害虫定植和/或防止害虫爆发,以实现害虫管理的可持续性。
The intercropping of cover crops has been adopted in several agroecosystems, including tea agroecosystems, which promotes ecological intensification. Prior studies have shown that growing cover crops in tea plantations provided different ecological services, including the biocontrol of pests. Cover crops enrich soil nutrients, reduce soil erosion, suppress weeds and insect pests, and increase the abundance of natural enemies (predators and parasitoids). We have reviewed the potential cover crops that can be incorporated into the tea agroecosystem, particularly emphasizing the ecological services of cover crops in pest control. Cover crops were categorized into cereals (buckwheat, sorghum), legumes (guar, cowpea, tephrosia, hairy indigo, and sunn hemp), aromatic plants (lavender, marigold, basil, and semen cassiae), and others (maize, mountain pepper, white clover, round-leaf cassia, and creeping indigo). Legumes and aromatic plants are the most potent cover crop species that can be intercropped in monoculture tea plantations due to their exceptional benefits. These cover crop species improve crop diversity and help with atmospheric nitrogen fixation, including with the emission of functional plant volatiles, which enhances the diversity and abundance of natural enemies, thereby assisting in the biocontrol of tea insect pests. The vital ecological services rendered by cover crops to monoculture tea plantations, including regarding the prevalent natural enemies and their pivotal role in the biocontrol of insect pests in the tea plantation, have also been reviewed. Climate-resilient crops (sorghum, cowpea) and volatile blends emitting aromatic plants (semen cassiae, marigold, flemingia) are recommended as cover crops that can be intercropped in tea plantations. These recommended cover crop species attract diverse natural enemies and suppress major tea pests (tea green leaf hopper, white flies, tea aphids, and mirid bugs). It is presumed that the incorporation of cover crops within the rows of tea plantations will be a promising strategy for mitigating pest attacks via the conservation biological control, thereby increasing tea yield and conserving agrobiodiversity. Furthermore, a cropping system with intercropped cover crop species would be environmentally benign and offer the opportunity to increase natural enemy abundance, delaying pest colonization and/or preventing pest outbreaks for pest management sustainability.