背景:人类听觉神经包含30,000个神经纤维(NFs),它们以惊人的敏锐度将复杂的语音信息传递给大脑。语音如何被编码和受各种条件的影响是未知的。与其他物种相比,人类神经信号传导是否涉及排他性蛋白质和基因表现也是不确定的。由于弱势群体,这些信息很难确定,\"深奥的,“并封装了人的耳朵,周围是体内最坚硬的骨头。我们收集了人类内耳材料,结合透射电子显微镜(TEM)进行纳米级可视化,超分辨率结构照明显微镜(SR-SIM),首次进行RNA范围分析。我们的目的是获得有关人类听觉神经处理和偏差的分子仪器的信息,以及对假肢装置进行电动建模的方法。材料和方法:在经人工耳蜗手术期间收集人体组织,以在经过伦理许可后去除岩壁脑膜瘤。对耳蜗神经元进行电子显微镜处理,共聚焦显微镜(CM),SR-SIM,和高灵敏度的原位杂交,用于标记单个mRNA转录本,以检测与神经信号启动和传导相关的离子通道和转运蛋白。结果:转运蛋白和RNA转录本位于亚细胞水平。在内部毛细胞(IHC)下鉴定半节蛋白。电压门控离子通道(VGIC)在螺旋神经节(SG)和轴突初始片段(AIS)中表达。Ranvier(NR)的节点表达Nav1.6蛋白,并公开了对细胞间偶联至关重要的编码基因。讨论:我们的结果表明,最初的尖峰发生器位于人类的IHC下方。第一个NR出现在不同的地方。额外的尖峰发生器和跨蜂窝通信可能会增强,锐化,并通过不同频段的细胞簇同步传入信号。这些仪器对于过滤复杂的声音可能是必不可少的,并且可能受到各种病理状况的挑战。
Background: The human auditory nerve contains 30,000 nerve fibers (NFs) that relay complex speech information to the brain with spectacular acuity. How speech is coded and influenced by various conditions is not known. It is also uncertain whether human nerve signaling involves exclusive proteins and gene manifestations compared with that of other species. Such information is difficult to determine due to the vulnerable, \"esoteric,\" and encapsulated human ear surrounded by the hardest bone in the body. We collected human inner ear material for nanoscale visualization combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM), and RNA-scope analysis for the first time. Our aim was to gain information about the molecular instruments in human auditory nerve processing and deviations, and ways to perform electric modeling of prosthetic devices. Material and Methods: Human tissue was collected during trans-cochlear procedures to remove petro-clival meningioma after ethical permission. Cochlear neurons were processed for electron microscopy, confocal microscopy (CM), SR-SIM, and high-sensitive in situ hybridization for labeling single mRNA transcripts to detect ion channel and transporter proteins associated with nerve signal initiation and conductance. Results: Transport proteins and RNA transcripts were localized at the subcellular level. Hemi-nodal proteins were identified beneath the inner hair cells (IHCs). Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) were expressed in the spiral ganglion (SG) and axonal initial segments (AISs). Nodes of Ranvier (NR) expressed Nav1.6 proteins, and encoding genes critical for inter-cellular coupling were disclosed. Discussion: Our results suggest that initial spike generators are located beneath the IHCs in humans. The first NRs appear at different places. Additional spike generators and transcellular communication may boost, sharpen, and synchronize afferent signals by cell clusters at different frequency bands. These instruments may be essential for the filtering of complex sounds and may be challenged by various pathological conditions.