三嗪类除草剂在农业中广泛使用,已成为海洋环境中的常见污染物。然而,三嗪类除草剂的时空分布特征和水质标准(WQC)尚不清楚。本研究发现,三嗪类除草剂在莱州湾表层海水中的检出率高达100%,中国,3月份的平均浓度为217.61、225.13、21.97和1296.72ng/L,May,August,十月,分别。此外,河口是重要的来源,特别是黄河口10月份的最高浓度为16,115.86ng/L。在莱州湾沉积物中检测到10种三嗪类除草剂,浓度范围为0.14-1.68μg/kg。在海水中,阿特拉津和丙草醚分别占三嗪类除草剂总量的33.41%-59.10%和28.93%-50.06%,在沉积物中比例最高(63.50%)。相关分析表明,三嗪类除草剂导致浮游生物多样性的丧失,这进一步降低了溶解氧。此外,本研究收集了45份阿特拉津急性毒性数据和22份慢性毒性数据,16份百甲灵的急性毒性数据,并辅以百甲灵对海洋生物的毒性实验。根据毒性数据库,阿特拉津和百甲灵的WQC是使用物种敏感性分布得出的。在莱州湾,阿特拉津和丙氨蝶呤的总体风险概率均小于1.75%,表明可接受的风险。本研究不仅阐明了三嗪类除草剂的污染状况和生态风险,同时也为其环境管理标准提供了科学依据。
Triazine herbicides are widely used in agriculture and have become common pollutants in marine environments. However, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and water quality criteria (WQC) of triazine herbicides are still unclear. This study found that triazine herbicides had a high detection rate of 100 % in surface seawater of Laizhou Bay, China, with average concentrations of 217.61, 225.13, 21.97, and 1296.72 ng/L in March, May, August, and October, respectively. Moreover, estuaries were important sources, and especially the Yellow River estuary exhibited the highest concentrations of 16,115.86 ng/L in October. The 10 triazine herbicides were detected in the sediments of Laizhou Bay, with a concentration ranging from 0.14-1.68 μg/kg. Atrazine and prometryn accounted for 33.41 %-59.10 % and 28.93 %-50.06 % of the total triazine herbicides in the seawater, and prometryn had the highest proportion (63.50 %) in the sediments. Correlation analysis revealed that triazine herbicides led to the loss of plankton biodiversity, which further decreased the dissolved oxygen. In addition, this study collected 45 acute toxicity data and 22 chronic toxicity data of atrazine, 16 acute toxicity data of prometryn, and supplemented with toxicity experiments of prometryn on marine organisms. Based on the toxicity database, the WQCs of atrazine and prometryn were derived using species sensitivity distribution. The overall risk probability of atrazine and prometryn were both less than 1.75 % in the Laizhou Bay, indicating an acceptable risk. This study not only clarified the pollution status and ecological risk of triazine herbicides, but also provided scientific basis for their environmental management standards.