持续的快速城市化引发了土地利用的重大变化,渲染景观格局受到不利影响,某些栖息地斑块退化。生态网络因此整体收缩。因此,调查土地利用景观格局和生态网络如何随时间和空间变化对生态恢复和区域可持续性具有重要意义。以徐州规划区为例,利用土地利用变化程度考察了景观格局的时空变化和特征,土地利用转移矩阵,和量化的景观格局指数。生态网络分析,研究网络连通性和鲁棒性的变化,以及他们的原因和贡献者,探讨了快速城市化进程中土地利用景观格局和生态网络时空变化的特征和趋势。分析结果表明:(1)从1985年到2020年,耕地面积呈下降趋势,森林,和草原,伴随着建设用地的增加,水体,未使用的土地。在此期间,西南研究区见证了农田大量让位给建设用地,土地利用最剧烈的变化发生在2000年至2010年之间。(2)研究区优势斑块面积缩小,随着更分散,复杂的景观。建设用地正在成为各地区的主导景观,而一片农田,森林,草原,水体的联系变得不那么紧密。(3)东北生态网络紧密相连,西南部有更稀疏的联系。在研究区的西南和中部生态廊道中观察到空间收缩。总的来说,生态来源和走廊的数量上升,随后下降,然后反弹。(4)从1985年到1990年,随着部分农田转化为水体,生态网络变得更加紧密和强大,这导致了生态资源的增加。考虑到1990年至2010年间西南和中部地区的生态来源和走廊减少,网络连通性和稳健性下降,从2010年开始,随着两个生态来源的增加,这两个生态来源——盘安湖和儒宫湖——发生了逆转。然而,在1990年有了一个最优的生态网络,到2010年,情况显著恶化。研究区域的网络稳定性指数(α)的网络连通性指数的最小值,均匀度指数(β),和连通性指数(γ),2010年,当它的生态网络高度分散和脆弱时,归因于最大连接子图的相对大小和连接鲁棒性之间的强烈对比。研究成果可以为解决生态问题奠定科学基础,恢复景观模式,在城市化进程中发展生态网络。
Ongoing rapid urbanization has triggered significant changes in land use, rendering landscape patterns adversely impacted and certain habitat patches degraded. Ecological networks have consequently contracted overall. As such, an investigation into how land-use landscape patterns and ecological networks change over time and space is of major significance for ecological restoration and regional sustainability. Taking Xuzhou Planning Area as a case study, we examined spatiotemporal changes and features of the landscape pattern by employing the land-use change degree, the land-use transition matrix, and quantified landscape pattern indices. An ecological network analysis, which studies the changes in network connectivity and robustness, as well as their causes and contributors, was undertaken to probe into the features and trends of spatiotemporal changes in the land-use landscape pattern and ecological network amid expeditious urbanization. Analysis results unveiled the following: (1) From 1985 to 2020, there was a decline in the area of farmland, forest, and grassland, accompanied by an increase in land for construction, water bodies, and unused land. The southwestern research area witnessed farmland substantially give way to land for construction for this period, and the most dramatic change in land use occurred between 2000 and 2010. (2) The area of dominant patches in the research area shrank, along with more fragmented, complex landscapes. The land for construction was emerging as the dominant landscape by area, whereas patches of farmland, forest, grassland, and water bodies became less connected. (3) The ecological network was densely linked in the northeast, with sparser connections in the southwest. Spatial shrinkage was observed in the research area\'s southwestern and central ecological corridors. Overall, the number of ecological sources and corridors rose and subsequently dropped before a rebound. (4) The ecological network grew more connected and robust from 1985 through 1990, as portions of farmland were converted into water bodies, which led to an increase in ecological sources. Given a reduction in ecological sources and corridors in the southwestern and central regions between 1990 and 2010, network connectivity and robustness declined, which was reversed from 2010 onward with the addition of two ecological sources-Pan\'an Lake and Dugong Lake. With an optimal ecological network in 1990, however, it deteriorated significantly by 2010. The research area saw the minimum value of its network connectivity indices of network stability index (α), evenness index (β), and connectivity index (γ), in 2010, when its ecological network was highly fragmented and vulnerable, attributing to a strong contrast between the maximal connected subgraph\'s relative size and connectivity robustness. The research findings can lay scientific groundwork for addressing ecological issues, restoring landscape patterns, and developing ecological networks amid urbanization.