为了解长寿湖水污染现状及环境风险,重金属的浓度(Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,在不同季节收集和分析了水中的Pb)。这项研究调查了时空变化,分布特征,污染水平,长寿湖重金属的健康风险。结果表明,6种重金属均低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅰ类标准,但是近年来出现了增长趋势,与铜,As,Pb呈显著增加(P<0.05)。这些重金属的时空分布不同。暂时,夏季地表水中Cr和Cd浓度较高,As和Zn在春季较高,铅和铜在秋季和冬季较高。空间上,Cr的浓度,As,Cu,Zn,铅在水库的南部出口显示出更高的浓度,龙溪河西北部进水口,水库的中央部分,而Cd在北部停滞区较高。长寿湖水体重金属总体水平较低,Cr和Cu受到轻微污染,而其他重金属被确定为具有微不足道的污染水平。饮用水是地表水体致癌和非致癌重金属的主要暴露途径。水体中Cr和As的健康风险值很高,范围分别为6.2×10-10至3.0×10-4和5.1×10-8至3.9×10-5。儿童和成人对总健康风险的相应贡献率很高,Cr占87.18%和87.20%,分别,而As占12.73%和12.71%,分别。因此,至关重要的是优先考虑与Cr和Cu相关的环境风险,以及长寿湖与Cr和As相关的健康风险这些发现为长寿湖的水污染控制和环境质量改善提供了科学依据,合理开发利用水资源。
To understand the water pollution status and environmental risks of Changshou Lake, the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in the water were collected and analyzed during different seasons. The study investigated temporal and spatial variations, distribution characteristics, pollution levels, and health risks associated with heavy metals in Changshou Lake. The results showed that all six heavy metals were below than the Class Ⅰ standard of the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB 3838-2002), but recent years have witnessed an increasing trend, with Cu, As, and Pb showing a significant increase (P<0.05). The temporal and spatial distributions of these heavy metals were different. Temporally, Cr and Cd concentrations in surface water were higher in summer, As and Zn were higher in spring, and Pb and Cu were higher in autumn and winter. Spatially, the concentrations of Cr, As, Cu, Zn, and Pb showed higher concentrations in the southern outlet of the reservoir, the northwestern Longxi River inlet, and the central part of the reservoir, whereas Cd was higher in the northern stagnant area. The overall levels of heavy metals in the water body of Changshou Lake were low, with Cr and Cu slightly polluted, while other heavy metals were identified as having an insignificant pollution level. Drinking water was the primary exposure pathway to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic heavy metals in surface water bodies. The health risk values of Cr and As in water bodies were high, ranging from 6.2×10-10 to 3.0×10-4 and 5.1×10-8 to 3.9×10-5, respectively. The corresponding contribution rates for children and adults to the total health risk were high, with Cr accounting for 87.18% and 87.20%, respectively, while As accounted for 12.73% and 12.71%, respectively. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize environmental risks associated with Cr and Cu, as well as the health risks associated with Cr and As in Changshou Lake These findings provide a scientific foundation for water pollution control and environmental quality improvement in Changshou Lake, and rational development and utilization of water resources.