矿区生物可利用的重金属及其有效的植物修复对环境和人类健康具有重大影响。在这项研究中,我们调查了遵义典型锰矿区的12种优势植物,贵州省,中国,为了确定重金属含量,形态学,和影响锰的环境因素,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,植物部分和根际土壤中的Cr。使用次级与初级相分布的比率和潜在的生态风险指数评估了金属的生物利用度和程度。主成分分析,聚类分析,正矩阵分解建模,和冗余分析用于追踪金属之间的起源和相关性。结果表明,研究区Mn和Cd的生物利用度最高,所有目标重金属的生物利用度都高于中等生态危害水平。统计模型表明,有四个主要的污染源:采矿,冶炼,处理操作,和大气沉积。优势植物有很高的重金属富集,生物浓缩因子,和Mn的易位因子,Cu,Cr,Cd,和Zn。冗余分析表明,土壤总氮,总P,和pH会影响低氮菊科植物和非菊科植物中的金属吸收和分布,低P,和微碱性采矿环境。该研究为锰矿区营养不良极端环境下重金属富集植物的筛选和修复技术的改进提供了可行的依据。
Bioavailable heavy metal and their efficient phytoremediation in mining areas have major implications for environmental and human health. In this study, we investigated 12 dominant plants in a typical Mn ore area of Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China, to determine the heavy metal contents, morphologies, and environmental factors affecting Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr in the plant parts and rhizosphere soil. The bioavailabilities and degrees of metals were evaluated using the ratios of the secondary to primary phase distributions and potential ecological risk indices. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis, positive matrix factorisation modelling, and redundancy analysis were used to trace the origins and correlations among the metals. The results indicate that the bioavailabilities were the highest for Mn and Cd in the study area, and all of the target heavy metals had bioavailabilities above the moderate ecological harm level. Statistical modelling indicates that there are four main pollution sources: mining, smelting, processing operations, and atmospheric deposition. The dominant plants had high heavy metal enrichments, bioconcentration factors, and translocation factors for Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Zn. The redundancy analysis indicates that soil total N, total P, and pH affect metal absorption and distributions in Compositae and non-Compositae plants in low-N, low-P, and slightly alkaline mining environments. This study provides a feasible basis for the screening of heavy metal enrichment plants and the improvement of remediation technology in manganese ore area under the extreme environment of poor nutrition.