系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,影响身体的多个系统。最近对与SLE患者相关的肠道菌群失调的研究已经获得了关注,值得进一步探索。尚未确定肠道微生物群的变化是SLE的原因还是SLE的症状。然而,基于细菌在肠道微生物组中的生理和病理生理作用,随着细菌水平的上升或下降,SLE患者的症状可能会受到影响。这篇综述分析了最近的研究,这些研究检查了SLE患者肠道菌群的变化,并强调了肠道菌群失调与SLE临床表现之间的相关性。通过结合术语“SLE,系统性红斑狼疮,“和”肠道微生物组。“生物医学参考收藏,CINAHL,MedlineProQuest,和PubMedCentral数据库通过将适当的关键字与\"AND结合起来进行搜索。\"只有全文,搜索了英语文章。这些文章从2013年到2023年受到限制。本范围审查仅包括同行评审的人体和动物试验的对照研究。评论文章,非英语文章,社论,案例研究,四个数据库中的重复文章被排除在外。发现各种细菌与SLE肠道微生物群落呈正相关或负相关。在增加的细菌种类中,梭状芽孢杆菌,乳酸杆菌,链球菌,肠杆菌,还有克雷伯菌.减少的细菌种类是双歧杆菌,普雷沃氏菌,和Firmicutes/拟杆菌比率。文献表明,梭菌属是发现数量丰富的几种细菌之一,从疾病前到SLE的患病状态。Lachnospileaceae和Ruminococaceae都是产生丁酸的厌氧菌家族的一部分,以其在增强皮肤屏障功能方面的作用而闻名,因此,可以解释SLE患者的皮肤表现。研究还表明,Firmicutes/拟杆菌比率显着降低,这可能导致SLE患者的食欲变化和体重减轻。基于这些细菌在肠道微生物组中的作用,肠道生态系统的破坏可以解释SLE患者常见的症状。通过解决这些变化,我们的范围审查鼓励进一步研究,以建立SLE患者细菌变化之间的真实因果关系,并进一步了解其他系统和自身免疫性疾病中微生物群变化的范围.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems of the body. Recent research on the gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with SLE patients has gained traction and warranted further exploration. It has not been determined whether the change in the gut microbiota is a cause of SLE or a symptom of SLE. However, based on the physiological and pathophysiological role of the bacteria in the gut microbiome, as levels of the bacteria rise or fall, symptomatology in SLE patients could be affected. This review analyzes the recent studies that examined the changes in the gut microbiota of SLE patients and highlights the correlations between gut dysbiosis and the clinical manifestations of SLE. A systematic search strategy was developed by combining the terms \"SLE,\" \"systemic lupus erythematosus,\" and \"gut microbiome.\" Biomedical Reference Collection, CINAHL, Medline ProQuest, and PubMed Central databases were searched by combining the appropriate keywords with \"AND.\" Only full-text, English-language articles were searched. The articles were restricted from 2013 to 2023. Only peer-reviewed controlled studies with both human and animal trials were included in this scoping review. Review articles, non-English articles, editorials, case studies, and duplicate articles from the four databases were excluded. Various species of bacteria were found to be positively or negatively associated with SLE gut microbiomes. Among the bacterial species increased were Clostridium, Lactobacilli, Streptococcus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella. The bacterial species that decreased were Bifidobacteria, Prevotella, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Literature shows that Clostridium is one of several bacteria found in abundance, from pre-disease to the diseased state of SLE. Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae are both part of the family of butyrate-producing anaerobes that are known for their role in strengthening the skin barrier function and, therefore, may explain the cutaneous manifestations of SLE patients. Studies have also shown that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio is significantly depressed, which may lead to appetite changes and weight loss seen in SLE patients. Based on the established role of these bacteria within the gut microbiome, the disruption in the gut ecosystem could explain the symptomatology common in SLE patients. By addressing these changes, our scoping review encourages further research to establish a true causal relationship between the bacterial changes in SLE patients as well as furthering the scope of microbiota changes in other systems and autoimmune diseases.