直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)由于其工作温度低,因此代表了小型电子产品和汽车的非常有前途的替代电源。效率高,和能量密度。甲醇氧化过程(MOR)构成在DMFC的正电极处发生的基本化学反应。Pt基材料用作DMFC中广泛使用的MOR电催化剂。然而,各种挑战,例如反应速度缓慢,高生产成本主要归因于昂贵的铂基催化剂,以及CO中毒对Pt催化剂的不利影响,阻碍DMFC的商业化。因此,努力确定一种替代催化剂的铂基催化剂,减轻这些缺点代表了DMFC研究的关键焦点。为了实现这个目标,研究人员开发了不同类别的MOR电催化剂,包括来自贵金属和非贵金属的那些。这篇综述论文深入研究了MOR的基本概念及其运行机制,以及源自贵金属和非贵金属的电催化剂的最新进展,例如单原子和分子催化剂。此外,综合分析了MOR电催化剂的制约因素和前景,包括基于贵金属的那些和基于非贵金属的那些,已经进行了。
The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) represents a highly promising alternative power source for small electronics and automobiles due to its low operating temperatures, high efficiency, and energy density. The methanol oxidation process (MOR) constitutes a fundamental chemical reaction occurring at the positive electrode of a DMFC. Pt-based materials serve as widely utilized MOR electrocatalysts in DMFCs. Nevertheless, various challenges, such as sluggish reaction rates, high production costs primarily attributed to the expensive Pt-based catalyst, and the adverse effects of CO poisoning on the Pt catalysts, hinder the commercialization of DMFCs. Consequently, endeavors to identify an alternative catalyst to Pt-based catalysts that mitigate these drawbacks represent a critical focal point of DMFC research. In pursuit of this objective, researchers have developed diverse classes of MOR electrocatalysts, encompassing those derived from noble and non-noble metals. This review paper delves into the fundamental concept of MOR and its operational mechanisms, as well as the latest advancements in electrocatalysts derived from noble and non-noble metals, such as single-atom and molecule catalysts. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the constraints and prospects of MOR electrocatalysts, encompassing those based on noble metals and those based on non-noble metals, has been undertaken.