背景:大麻在各种社会和环境环境中消费,这样的背景可能是主观效果的重要预测因素。这项系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是研究大麻的环境因素与主观影响之间的关系。
方法:PRISMA指导的MEDLINE搜索,Embase,PsycINFO,全球卫生,谷歌学者发表了29项研究。
结果:研究类型(生态瞬时评估或实验)是中毒影响的重要预测指标,和实验研究具有更大的合并效应大小(z=0.296,95%CI[.132,.478],p=.004)比生态瞬时评估(EMA)研究(z=.071,95%CI[.011,.130],p=.02)。上下文条件(环境、社会群体,期望,一天的时间,星期几)不是大麻效应的重要预测因子。
结论:研究结果没有指出背景条件和主观影响之间的显著关联。然而,由于目前的文献方法薄弱,得出主观效果不受环境因素影响的结论可能为时过早。鉴于政策和治疗影响,建议重复和研究改进。
BACKGROUND: Cannabis is consumed in various social and environmental
settings, and such contexts may be important predictors of subjective effects. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the relationship between contextual factors and subjective effects of cannabis.
METHODS: A PRISMA-guided search of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Global Health, and Google Scholar yielded 29 studies.
RESULTS: Study type (Ecological Momentary Assessment or Experimental) was a significant predictor of intoxication effects, and experimental studies had a greater pooled effect size (z =.296,95 % CI [.132,.478], p=.004) than Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) studies (z =.071,95 % CI [.011,.130], p =.02). Contextual conditions (environment, social group, expectancy, time of day, day of week) were not significant predictors of cannabis effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings did not point to a significant association between contextual conditions and subjective effects. However, as current literature is methodologically weak, it may be premature to conclude that subjective effects are not shaped by contextual factors. In view of policy and therapeutic implications, replications and study refinements are recommended.