The ability to read is important for daily life functioning. Individuals with homonymous visual field defects (iwHs) after brain injury experience frequent reading difficulties. The current study presents a novel self-report questionnaire aimed at measuring the wide variety of reading difficulties iwHs can experience: the Hemianopia Reading Questionnaire (HRQ). The 24-item HRQ was developed with help from clinical experts and experts by experience and was inspired by existing reading questionnaires for adults. The three tested subscales of the HRQ assess the relationship to reading, reading skills and daily life functional reading. The factor structure, reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity were examined in a large community sample (i.e., individuals without homonymous visual field defects) with a comparable distribution of age, gender and level of education to those who have suffered a stroke (N = 998). Two competing hypothesized models were tested and a good fit was found for a three-bifactor model of the HRQ. The reliability of the three subscales was found to be good (ω range 0.93-0.99), as well as the convergent and divergent validity (9 out of 12 Spearman\'s correlations, according to expectations). The results support further use of the HRQ in iwHs, especially in the context of reading rehabilitation. Suggestions for clinical and scientific use and future psychometric research on the HRQ are provided.

UNASSIGNED: Depression in adolescence is a serious major global health problem with increasing rates of prevalence. Measures of depression that are valid for young people are clearly needed in clinical contexts.
UNASSIGNED: The study included 577 patients from child and adolescent psychiatry (n = 471) and primary care (n = 106) aged 12-22 years in Sweden (Mage=16.7 years; 76% female). The reliability and validity for Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) were investigated. To confirm the latent structure, we used a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to test total score differences between diagnostic groups. Using Spearman\'s rho correlations, we examine whether single items in the MADRS-Y correlate with suicidal ideation measured by The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-JR (SIQ-JR).
UNASSIGNED: The internal consistency using McDonald\'s coefficient omega was excellent. The CFA of the 12-item MADRS-Y supported a one factor structure. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was shown. There was a significant difference in MADRS-Y scores across diagnostic groups, with higher results for depressive disorders. A strong correlation with suicidal ideation was found for two items.
UNASSIGNED: The results support MADRS-Y as a brief, reliable, and valid self-report questionnaire of depressive symptoms for young patients in a clinical setting.

Brief questionnaires that comprehensively capture key restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) across different informants have potential to support autism diagnostic services. We tested the psychometric properties of the 20-item Repetitive Behaviours Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3), a questionnaire that includes self-report and informant-report versions enabling use across the lifespan.
In Study 1, adults referred to a specialised adult autism diagnostic service (N = 110) completed the RBQ-3 self-report version, and a relative or long-term friend completed the RBQ-3 informant-report version. Clinicians completed the abbreviated version of the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO-Abbreviated) with the same adults as part of the diagnostic process. For half of the assessments, clinicians were blind to the RBQ-3 ratings. We tested internal consistency, cross-informant reliability and convergent validity of the RBQ-3. In Study 2, a follow-up online study with autistic (N = 151) and non-autistic (N = 151) adults, we further tested internal consistency of the RBQ-3 self-report version. We also tested group differences and response patterns in this sample.
Study 1 showed good to excellent internal consistency for both self- and informant-report versions of the RBQ-3 (total score, α = 0.90, ω = 0.90, subscales, α = 0.76-0.89, ω = 0.77-0.88). Study 1 also showed cross-informant reliability as the RBQ-3 self-report scores significantly correlated with RBQ-3 informant-report scores for the total score (rs = 0.71) and subscales (rs= 0.69-0.72). Convergent validity was found for both self and informant versions of the RBQ-3, which significantly correlated with DISCO-Abbreviated RRB domain scores (rs = 0.45-0.54). Moreover, the RBQ-3 scores showed significantly weaker association with DISCO -Abbreviated scores for the Social Communication domain, demonstrating divergent validity. Importantly, these patterns of validity were found even when clinicians were blind to RBQ-3 items. In Study 2, for both autistic and non-autistic groups, internal consistency was found for the total score (α = 0.82-0.89, ω = 0.81-0.81) and for subscales (α = 0.68-0.85, ω = 0.69-0.85). A group difference was found between groups.
Due to the characteristics and scope of the specialist autism diagnostic service, further testing is needed to include representative samples of age (including children) and intellectual ability, and those with a non-autistic diagnostic outcome.
The RBQ-3 is a questionnaire of RRBs that can be used across the lifespan. The current study tested its psychometric properties with autistic adults without intellectual disability and supported its utility for both clinical diagnostic and research settings.

UNASSIGNED: To test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the biological rhythms interview of assessment in neuropsychiatry (C-BRIAN) in a group of young adults with and without depressive symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: Three hundred and seventy-eight university students were recruited as participants. Based on the scores from Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale (CES-D), students were divided into the depressed group and healthy group. Explorative factor analysis was applied to assess the construct validity of the C-BRIAN. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and CES-D were compared with the C-BRIAN to test the convergent validity. The internal consistency of the C-BRIAN was also examined.
UNASSIGNED: Three factors were extracted (activities, eating patterns, and sleep factors) explaining 63.9% of the total variance. The internal consistencies were very good with a coefficient of 0.94 (overall) and 0.89-0.91 for three factors. The domains of activities, eating patterns, and sleep were moderately correlated with PSQI (r=0.579) and CES-D (r=0.559) (ps<0.01).
UNASSIGNED: Our findings suggest that C-BRIAN has good validity and reliability which can be used to assess the biological rhythm in the young adult population with depressive symptoms. C-BRIAN would be a reliable tool to detect depressive symptoms for timely prevention and intervention in the community.

OBJECTIVE: There is currently no widely accepted multidimensional health assessment questionnaire for individuals in the Chinese People Liberation Army (PLA). This study developed a multidimensional health survey questionnaire (Comprehensive Health Self-Assessment Questionnaire, CHSAQ) suitable for personnel in the PLA and conducted a preliminary examination of its reliability, validity, and discriminative ability.
METHODS: After 183 items from 32 dimensions were selected to form the initial version of the CHSAQ, three groups of soldiers were selected from May 2022 to April 2023 and completed three survey rounds (with 183, 131, and 55 valid items). The items were screened based on classic test theory. After screening, the final questionnaire entries were formed, the structure of the questionnaire was explored through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and its reliability, structural validity, and discriminative ability were evaluated.
RESULTS: The final questionnaire consisted of 8 dimensions and 55 items on job satisfaction, anxiety and depression, daily activities, physical function, the otolaryngology system, the integumentary system, sleep disorders, and the visual system. The total cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.648% according to exploratory factor analysis. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the normed fit index (NFI) was 0.880, and the comparison fit index (CFI) was 0.893 (close to 0.90). The Cronbach\'s α coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.970, the split half reliability coefficient was 0.937, and the retest reliability coefficient was 0.902. The results are presented as different pairwise comparisons.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study developed a self-report questionnaire for evaluating the comprehensive health status of personnel in the PLA in accordance with the standard procedure for questionnaire development. Our findings also showed that the CHSAQ for individuals in the PLA has good reliability and structural validity.

BACKGROUND: The Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Merle D\'Aubigné Postel (MDP) score both provide an objective and subjective evaluation of hip function. These scores are collected during the follow-up of patients who have a hip disease. The objectives of this prospective study were (1) to analyze the differences between the two new French self-report versions of the HHS and MDP, and the traditional surgeon-assessed HHS and MDP; (2) to analyze the correlation between the self-report HHS and MDP and the surgeon-assessed HHS and MDP; (3) to analyze the floor and ceiling effects of the two self-report scores and the reliability of these self-report scores in operated and non-operated patients.
OBJECTIVE: The French self-report HHS and MDP are sufficiently reliable to accurately estimate the patient\'s objective and subjective outcomes compared to the clinical examination done by a surgeon.
METHODS: A prospective multicenter study was done with patients who had a hip disease. Two self-report questionnaires were completed by the patient, independently of the clinical examination done by the surgeon. The questionnaires were in French and consisted solely of checkboxes, with sample photos that corresponded to the various range of motion items in the HHS and MDP. The agreement between the self-report scores and the surgeon-assessed scores were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Differences in the mean values were evaluated with a paired t test.
RESULTS: The analysis involved 89 patients. The self-report HHS was 2.7±3.7 points (/100) lower than the surgeon-assessed HHS, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.34). The self-report MDP was significantly less by 1.2±2.9 points (/18) than the surgeon-assessed MDP (p=0.01). The agreement between the self-report HSS and the surgeon-assessed HSS was excellent (ICC=0.86) as was the one between the self-report MDP and the surgeon-assessed MDP (ICC=0.75). There was a strong positive correlation between the surgeon-assessed and self-report HHS in operated patients (ICC= 0.84; R=0.75; p<0.001) and in non-operated patients (ICC=0.96; R=0.89; p<0.001). This positive correlation was also found between the surgeon-assessed and self-report MDP for operated patients (ICC=0.73; R=0.62; p<0.001) and non-operated patients (ICC=0.79; R=0.64; p<0.001). A ceiling effect (maximum of 100 points) was found in 22% of patients (20/89) for the self-report HHS and in 34% of patients (30/89) for the self-report MDP (maximum of 18 points). No floor effect was observed for either questionnaire.
CONCLUSIONS: The French version of the HHS self-report questionnaire is an excellent overall estimator of the HHS score for patients with hip osteoarthritis or fracture, whether operated or not. The addition of the MDP, whose self-report version is less accurate, is also a reliable tool. These self-report questionnaires, when validated on a larger scale, will be useful for the long-term follow-up of patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.
METHODS: III; prospective diagnostic study.

This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) as a screening tool for depression among Kazakh-speaking female cancer patients. A cross-sectional study design with random sampling was used to collect and analyze data from 115 female cancer patients. Means, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. An analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was conducted to determine the optimal cut-off score for the BDI-II in this population as a screening tool for depression. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were also tested. Results showed that using a BDI-II cut score of 15 retained high sensitivity (82.7%), increased specificity (75.0%), and improved positive (86.1%) and negative predictive values (69.8%) of the BDI-II compared to a cut score of 14. Kazakh BDI-II indicated excellent consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha of 0.86) and reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.92 (95% CI [0.89-0.94])). The use of this valid screening tool can facilitate the diagnosis of depression in female cancer patients.

A standardized documentation of the clinical manifestation and patient-reported outcome (PRO) of patients with axial spondylarthritis (axSpA) is necessary in order to assess the disease with respect to disease activity and severity and to achieve the foundations for clinical decisions. The standardized documentation refers to domains such as disease activity, quality of life, functional capacity and ability to work but also to individual aspects, such as pain, arthritis and enthesitis. The domains as well as the individual aspects are mainly collected directly from PROs using a self-report questionnaire. An exception is the clinical examination of the inflammatory involvement of joints, entheses and the physical examination of spinal mobility. In interventional studies, status or response criteria are used to quantify changes. The lack of objective clinical criteria for documentation of inflammatory activity poses a particular challenge in axSpA, therefore, the PROs need to be interpreted critically taking objective disease parameters into consideration. Most instruments were developed in the 1990s in Bath, UK and in the last 15 years by the Assessments in Axial Spondylarthritis International Society (ASAS) for use in studies.
UNASSIGNED: Die standardisierte Erfassung der klinischen Manifestation sowie Patienten-berichteter Endpunkte (Outcomes) von Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) ist notwendig, um die Erkrankung hinsichtlich Ausmaß und Aktivität abzubilden und die Grundlage für klinische Entscheidungen zu schaffen. Die standardisierte Erfassung bezieht sich auf Domänen wie Krankheitsaktivität, Lebensqualität, Funktions- und Erwerbsfähigkeit, aber auch auf einzelne Aspekte wie Schmerzen, Arthritis und Enthesitis. Sowohl die Domänen als auch ihre Einzelaspekte werden überwiegend als direkt vom Patienten berichtete Endpunkte mittels eines Selbstauskunftsbogens erhoben („patient reported outcomes“ [PRO]). Eine Ausnahme bilden die klinische Untersuchung der entzündlichen Beteiligung von Gelenken und Sehnenansätzen und die körperliche Untersuchung der Wirbelsäulenmobilität. In interventionellen Studien werden Status- oder Response-Kriterien eingesetzt, um Veränderungen zu erfassen. Bei der axSpA stellt der Mangel an objektiven klinischen Kriterien zur Erfassung der entzündlichen Aktivität eine besondere Herausforderung dar, daher müssen die PROs kritisch unter Berücksichtigung objektiver Krankheitsparameter interpretiert werden. Die meisten Instrumente sind in den 1990er-Jahren in Bath, UK, und in den letzten 15 Jahren von ASAS (Assessments in Axial Spondylarthritis International Society) für die Verwendung in Studien entwickelt worden.

To evaluate patients\' and family members\' perceived support from light and color before, compared with after an evidence-based design (EBD) intervention at an emergency department (ED) using a validated instrument-the Light and Color Questionnaire (LCQ).
EDs offer acute care day and night. Thus, a supportive physical environment where light and color is crucial for how the milieu is experienced is vital. Research is limited on how care settings are perceived as supportive by users.
Quasi-experimental evaluation of the refurbishing and remodeling of an ED by an expert group of nurse managers, nursing staff, nursing researchers and architects in south Sweden. LCQ includes dimensions \"maximizing awareness and orientation,\" \"maximizing safety and security,\" \"supporting functional abilities,\" \"providing privacy,\" \"opportunities for personal control\" (not for LCQ-Color), and \"regulation and quality of stimulation.\" LCQ was analyzed and compared in 400 surveys from 100 patients and 100 family members before the intervention and 100 patients and 100 family members after the intervention.
The LCQ total score significantly improved after the intervention for both patients and family members. Four of the six dimensions of LCQ Light subscale scores were significantly higher for family members, and three of the six dimensions were significantly higher for patients after the intervention. The LCQ Color subscale score showed significant improvements for all five dimensions for both patients and family members after the intervention.
This study showed improved perceived support from light and color in the physical environment for patients and family members after an EBD intervention at an emergency department using a validated instrument-the Light and Color Questionnaire.

FDA regulations state print ads for prescription drugs must provide a true statement of information \"in brief summary\" describing \"side effects, contraindications and effectiveness.\" To fulfill these requirements, these ads typically display risk information both as important safety information (ISI) on the \"main\" ad page with the product claims and on a separate \"brief summary\" page. The ISI can be lengthy and may repeat brief summary content.
The authors tested two versions of the ISI (short versus long) and the presence or absence of a brief summary in direct-to-consumer prescription drug print ads for two medical conditions: overactive bladder (N = 181) and rheumatoid arthritis (N = 179). Attention was measured with eye-tracking and self-report methods. Risk retention and perceptions were self-reported.
Participants spent more time viewing ads with a long ISI or a brief summary and in some instances, recalled more risks. The combination of a long ISI and a brief summary did not increase or decrease attention to or retention of risk information.
A long ISI and a brief summary may perform similar functions.