摩擦电纳米发电机(TENG)具有独特的优势,如多种结构选择性,材料的多样化选择,环境适应性,低成本,和显着的转换效率,成为一种有前途的微纳能量收集和自供电传感技术。摩擦介电材料是高性能TENG的基础和核心部件。特别是,电荷的产生,耗散,storage,电介质的迁移,动态平衡行为决定了整体绩效。在这里,提出了一个全面的摘要,以阐明电介质电荷传输机制和摩擦电介质材料对高性能TENG的改性原理。首先启动了电介质材料的接触起电和电荷输运机制,其次介绍了TENGs的基本原理和介电材料。随后,高性能摩擦介电材料的改性机理和策略在物理/化学方面得到了强调,表面/散装,电介质耦合,和结构优化。此外,基于TENG的介电材料作为电源的代表性应用,演示了自供电传感器。概述了先进的摩擦介电材料的现有挑战和有希望的潜在机会,指导设计,fabrication,以及摩擦介电材料的应用。
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) manifests distinct advantages such as multiple structural selectivity, diverse selection of materials, environmental adaptability, low cost, and remarkable conversion efficiency, which becomes a promising technology for micro-nano energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. Tribo-dielectric materials are the fundamental and core components for high-performance TENGs. In particular, the charge generation, dissipation, storage, migration of the dielectrics, and dynamic equilibrium behaviors determine the overall performance. Herein, a comprehensive summary is presented to elucidate the dielectric charge transport mechanism and tribo-dielectric material modification principle toward high-performance TENGs. The contact electrification and charge transport mechanism of dielectric materials is started first, followed by introducing the basic principle and dielectric materials of TENGs. Subsequently, modification mechanisms and strategies for high-performance tribo-dielectric materials are highlighted regarding physical/chemical, surface/bulk, dielectric coupling, and structure optimization. Furthermore, representative applications of dielectric materials based TENGs as power sources, self-powered sensors are demonstrated. The existing challenges and promising potential opportunities for advanced tribo-dielectric materials are outlined, guiding the design, fabrication, and applications of tribo-dielectric materials.