背景:塔那那利佛,马达加斯加的首都,正在经历人口稳定增长。由于这个地方有大量的蚊媒,因此,接触蚊媒疾病的人口也在增加,流行病发作的风险也是如此。本研究的目的是评估,在资源有限的环境中,通过在多宿主单站点进行的纵向昆虫学研究,可以提供有关蚊子种群动态和疾病传播风险的信息。
方法:在16个月内(从2017年1月至2018年4月),在塔那那利佛的城市周边地区使用六个CDC光陷阱每15天收集一次蚊子。使用主要蚊子的室内和室外密度作为响应变量和月球照明,开发了多变量广义线性模型。环境数据和气候数据作为解释变量。
结果:总体而言,收集了46,737只属于至少20种的蚊子,其中库蚊(68.9%),库蚊(19.8%),库蚊(3.7%)和冈比亚按蚊(2.3%)是最丰富的物种。观察到蚊子密度是由月球照明和在不同滞后时期相互作用的气候因素驱动的。室外模型展示了蚊子密度的双周和季节性模式,而室内模型仅显示出季节性模式。
结论:塔那那利佛市区周边地区存在重要的蚊子多样性。一些著名的媒介物种,比如CX。触角,西尼罗河病毒(WNV)和裂谷热病毒(RVFV)的主要载体,Cx.Quinquefasciatus,WNV的主要载体,Cx.poicilipes,RVFV和An的候选向量。冈比亚森苏拉托,疟原虫的主要载体.,丰富。重要的是,这四种蚊子全年都有,尽管它们的丰度在寒冷干燥的季节下降,除了CX。Quinquefasciatus.发现它们丰富的主要驱动因素是温度,相对湿度和降水,以及-仅用于户外丰富的月亮照明。识别这些驱动因素是病原体传播模型(R0模型)发展的第一步,这是告知公共卫生利益攸关方媒介传播疾病风险最大的时期的关键。
BACKGROUND: Antananarivo, the capital city of Madagascar, is experiencing a steady increase in population growth. Due to the abundance of mosquito vectors in this locality, the population exposed to mosquito-borne diseases is therefore also increasing, as is the risk of epidemic episodes. The aim of the present study was to assess, in a resource-limited setting, the information on mosquito population dynamics and disease transmission risk that can be provided through a longitudinal entomological study carried out in a multi-host single site.
METHODS: Mosquitoes were collected every 15 days over 16 months (from January 2017 to April 2018) using six CDC-light traps in a peri-urban area of Antananarivo. Multivariable generalised linear models were developed using indoor and outdoor densities of the predominant mosquito species as response variables and moon illumination, environmental data and climatic data as the explanatory variables.
RESULTS: Overall, 46,737 mosquitoes belonging to at least 20 species were collected, of which Culex antennatus (68.9%), Culex quinquefasciatus (19.8%), Culex poicilipes (3.7%) and Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (2.3%) were the most abundant species. Mosquito densities were observed to be driven by moon illumination and climatic factors interacting at different lag periods. The outdoor models demonstrated biweekly and seasonal patterns of mosquito densities, while the indoor models demonstrated only a seasonal pattern.
CONCLUSIONS: An important diversity of mosquitoes exists in the peri-urban area of Antananarivo. Some well-known vector species, such as Cx. antennatus, a major vector of West Nile virus (WNV) and Rift-Valley fever virus (RVFV), Cx. quinquefasciatus, a major vector of WNV, Cx. poicilipes, a candidate vector of RVFV and An. gambiae sensu lato, a major vector of Plasmodium spp., are abundant. Importantly, these four mosquito species are present all year round, even though their abundance declines during the cold dry season, with the exception of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The main drivers of their abundance were found to be temperature, relative humidity and precipitation, as well as-for outdoor abundance only-moon illumination. Identifying these drivers is a first step towards the development of pathogen transmission models (R0 models), which are key to inform public health stakeholders on the periods of most risk for vector-borne diseases.