背景:宫颈癌在全球范围内是一个重要的健康问题,是女性中第四常见的癌症,导致大量的发病率和死亡率。主要原因是高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)持续感染。尽管在预防方面取得了进展,筛选,诊断,和治疗,由于筛查可及性和社会经济因素的差异,宫颈癌结局的差异仍然存在.这项研究的重点是吉尔吉斯共和国的妇女,强调区域差异和早期发现的关键作用。
方法:对2012年至2017年在吉尔吉斯共和国诊断为宫颈癌的1,338名妇女进行了回顾性数据分析。数据来自国家卫生中心,关注社会人口统计学指标,临床分期,和区域分布。该研究利用统计分析来评估患病率和死亡率,采用方差分析进行比较,意义,并分析一段时间的趋势。
结果:吉尔吉斯共和国的宫颈癌患病率从2012年的每10万女性97.5增加到2017年的每10万女性105.3,死亡率为8.3-9.7%。值得注意的是,地区差异明显,和Chui一起,奥什,贾拉勒-阿巴德,比什凯克的患病率上升,而塔拉斯,Issyk-Kul,Naryn,Batken报告患病率下降。筛选程序,特别是巴氏涂片的介绍,在人口覆盖广泛的地区有效地降低了患病率和死亡率。然而,这项研究强调了不同地区结果的显著差异,强调有针对性的预防和筛查工作的重要性。
结论:该研究证实了吉尔吉斯共和国宫颈癌的持续挑战,强调需要改进筛查和预防策略,以解决结果差异。引入试点筛查计划是向前迈出的关键一步。然而,研究结果还指出,有必要提高初级保健医生的肿瘤知识水平,并实施综合战略,以克服有效预防和治疗宫颈癌的社会经济和区域障碍.2016年观察到的患病率下降表明有进展,强调重点预防和筛查举措的潜在影响。
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer represents a significant health concern globally and is the fourth most common cancer among women, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. The primary cause is persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. Despite advancements in prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment, disparities in cervical cancer outcomes persist due to variations in screening accessibility and socioeconomic factors. This study focuses on women in the Kyrgyz Republic, highlighting regional disparities and the critical role of early detection.
METHODS: A retrospective data analysis was conducted on 1,338 women diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2012 to 2017 in the Kyrgyz Republic. Data were sourced from national health centers, focusing on sociodemographic metrics, clinical staging, and regional distributions. The study utilized statistical analysis to evaluate prevalence and mortality rates, employing the analysis of variance for comparison, significance, and analyzing trends over time.
RESULTS: The prevalence of cervical cancer in the Kyrgyz Republic increased from 97.5 per 100,000 females in 2012 to 105.3 per 100,000 in 2017, with mortality rates of 8.3-9.7%. Notably, regional disparities were evident, with Chui, Osh, Jalal-Abad, and Bishkek experiencing increased prevalence rates, while Talas, Issyk-Kul, Naryn, and Batken reported decreased prevalence. Screening programs, particularly the introduction of Pap smears, have been effective in reducing both prevalence and mortality rates in areas with broad population coverage. However, the study highlighted significant variations in outcomes across different regions, underscoring the importance of targeted prevention and screening efforts.
CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms the ongoing challenge of cervical cancer in the Kyrgyz Republic, emphasizing the need for improved screening and prevention strategies to address disparities in outcomes. The introduction of pilot screening programs represents a crucial step forward. However, the findings also point to the necessity for enhanced oncological literacy among primary care physicians and the implementation of comprehensive strategies to overcome socioeconomic and regional barriers to effective cervical cancer prevention and treatment. The reduction in prevalence observed in 2016 suggests progress, highlighting the potential impact of focused prevention and screening initiatives.