背景:由于其感知的安全性,草药的使用在世界范围内呈上升趋势。然而,草药的发病率,考虑到安全方面的草药-草药和草药-食品相互作用为讨论开辟了新的领域。
目的:本研究旨在提供对各种草药相互作用的全面见解,所涉及的机制,他们的评价,和历史发展,将草药安全放在讨论的中心。
方法:作者进行了重点/有针对性的文献综述,并从各种数据库中收集数据,包括科学直接,Wiley在线图书馆,Springer,PubMed,谷歌学者。关于草药的常规文献,例如世界卫生组织和其他国际或国家组织的组织。
结果:文章考虑审查法规,相互作用机制,和检测药草,常用但重要的植物中的草药-药物和草药-食物相互作用,包括甘草,薄荷胡椒,库拉索芦荟,生姜,银杏叶,有忧郁,等。研究发现,医疗保健专业人员担心患者没有告知他们的草药处方(主要用于常规治疗),这可能导致草药-药物/草药-食品/草药-草药相互作用。这些相互作用是由药效学和药代动力学过程的改变引起的,这可以用体内来解释,体外,在硅,药物基因组学,和药物遗传学。营养警惕可能是监测草药-食物相互作用的最好方法,但它的采用在全球范围内是有限的。
结论:本文可以作为临床医生的线索,指导他们关于草药,草药食品,和通常消费的植物物种诱导的草药-草药相互作用。也可以建议患者避免使用常规药物,植物药,和治疗窗口有限的食物。
BACKGROUND: The use of herbal medicines is on the rise throughout the world due to their perceived safety profile. However, incidences of herb-drug, herb-herb and herb-food interactions considering safety aspects have opened new arenas for discussion.
OBJECTIVE: The current study aims to provide comprehensive insights into the various types of herb interactions, the mechanisms involved, their assessment, and historical developments, keeping herbal safety at the central point of discussion.
METHODS: The authors undertook a focused/targeted literature review and collected data from various databases, including Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Springer, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Conventional literature on herbal remedies, such as those by the WHO and other international or national organizations.
RESULTS: The article considered reviewing the regulations, interaction mechanisms, and detection of herb-herb, herb-drug and herb-food interactions in commonly used yet vital plants, including Glycyrrhiza glabra, Mentha piperita, Aloe barbadensis, Zingiber officinale, Gingko biloba, Withania somnifera, etc. The study found that healthcare professionals worry about patients not informing them about their herbal prescriptions (primarily used with conventional treatment), which can cause herb-drug/herb-food/herb-herb interactions. These interactions were caused by altered pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic processes, which might be explained using in-vivo, in-vitro, in-silico, pharmacogenomics, and pharmacogenetics. Nutrivigilance may be the greatest method to monitor herb-food interactions, but its adoption is limited worldwide.
CONCLUSIONS: This article can serve as a lead for clinicians, guiding them regarding herb-drug, herb-food, and herb-herb interactions induced by commonly consumed plant species. Patients may also be counseled to avoid conventional drugs, botanicals, and foods with a restricted therapeutic window.