背景:由于营养转型,城乡之间的营养状况差距迅速缩小,农村青少年可能从事城市生活方式行为。
目的:该研究确定了农村高中青少年超重/肥胖的患病率及其与选定因素的关系。
方法:林波波省农村的Fetakgomo市,南非。
方法:对378名从高中通过多阶段抽样选出的青少年进行了一项横断面研究。收集的数据是社会人口统计,营养知识,饮食习惯和人体测量学。国际肥胖工作组的年龄和性别特定的体重指数(BMI)的截止值被用来确定超重/肥胖,而成人BMI临界值用于≥18岁的人群。腰围身高比(WHtR)大于0.5表明腹部肥胖,以及腰围(WC)和腰臀比(WHR)高于临界值。
结果:青少年超重/肥胖的比例为35%,而WHR为25%,WHtR为21%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女孩(AOR=2.9,95%CI:1.74-4.85),年龄较大的青少年(AOR=3.1,95%CI:1.57~6.29)和有就业成年人的家庭(AOR=2.3,95%CI:1.19~4.51)与超重/肥胖的几率增加相关.吃早餐与超重/肥胖的几率降低相关(AOR=0.6,95%CI:0.34-0.97)。
结论:青少年超重/肥胖和腹型肥胖比体重不足更为普遍。综合学校健康计划应该对学校供应和销售的食品有明确的指导方针。
BACKGROUND: As the gap in nutritional profiles between urban and rural rapidly reduces because of nutrition transition, rural adolescents are likely to engage in urban lifestyle behaviours.
OBJECTIVE: The study determined the prevalence of overweight/obesity amongst adolescents in rural high schools and the association with selected factors.
METHODS: Fetakgomo Municipality in rural Limpopo Province, South Africa.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 378 adolescents selected through multistage sampling from high schools. Data collected were socio-demography, nutritional knowledge, dietary practices and anthropometry. The International Obesity Task Force age and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) cut-off values were used to determine overweight/obesity, whilst adult BMI cut-off values were used for those ≥ 18 years. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) greater than 0.5 indicated abdominal obesity, as well as waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) above the cut-off values.
RESULTS: The proportion of overweight/obesity amongst adolescents was 35%, whilst 25% had abdominal obesity by WHR and 21% by WHtR. Multivariate logistic regression showed that being a girl (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.74-4.85), older adolescent (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.57-6.29) and living in a household with employed adults (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.19-4.51) were associated with increased odds of being overweight/obese. Eating breakfast was associated with reduced odds of being overweight/obese (AOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.34-0.97).
CONCLUSIONS: Overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity amongst adolescents were more prevalent than underweight. The Integrated School Health Programme should have clear guidelines on food items served and sold at schools.