植物表皮细胞的管状单细胞延伸被称为根毛,是植物根系的重要组成部分,在吸收营养和水分以及应对胁迫中起着至关重要的作用。根毛的生长和发育包括,主要是,根毛细胞的命运决定,根毛萌生,和根毛伸长。植物激素作为信号分子在根毛的生长发育中起着重要的调节作用。在这次审查中,我们描述了生长素的调节作用,乙烯(ETH),茉莉酸(JA),脱落酸(ABA),赤霉素(GA),stragolactone(SL),细胞分裂素(CK),和油菜素类固醇(BR)在植物根毛生长发育中的作用。生长素,ETH,在根毛细胞命运决定中,CK起着正向调节作用,而BR起着负向调节作用;生长素,ETH,JA,CK,ABA在根毛萌生过程中发挥正调控作用,而BR在根毛萌生过程中发挥负调控作用;生长素,ETH,CK,JA发挥正调节作用,而BR,GA,ABA在根毛伸长中起负调节作用。植物激素主要通过调控根毛相关基因的转录调控根毛生长发育,包括WEREWOLF(WER),GLABRA2(GL2),CAPRICE(CPC),和头发缺陷6(RHD6)。生长素和ETH在这一调节中起着至关重要的作用,与JA,ABA,SL,BR与生长素和ETH相互作用,进一步调节根毛的生长发育。
The tubular-shaped unicellular extensions of plant epidermal cells known as root hairs are important components of plant roots and play crucial roles in absorbing nutrients and water and in responding to stress. The growth and development of root hair include, mainly, fate determination of root hair cells, root hair initiation, and root hair elongation. Phytohormones play important regulatory roles as signal molecules in the growth and development of root hair. In this review, we describe the regulatory roles of auxin, ethylene (ETH), jasmonate (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), strigolactone (SL), cytokinin (CK), and brassinosteroid (BR) in the growth and development of plant root hairs. Auxin, ETH, and CK play positive regulation while BR plays negative regulation in the fate determination of root hair cells; Auxin, ETH, JA, CK, and ABA play positive regulation while BR plays negative regulation in the root hair initiation; Auxin, ETH, CK, and JA play positive regulation while BR, GA, and ABA play negative regulation in the root hair elongation. Phytohormones regulate root hair growth and development mainly by regulating transcription of root hair associated genes, including WEREWOLF (WER), GLABRA2 (GL2), CAPRICE (CPC), and HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6). Auxin and ETH play vital roles in this regulation, with JA, ABA, SL, and BR interacting with auxin and ETH to regulate further the growth and development of root hairs.