在现代社会,法律是风险防控的重要手段之一。在生态环境风险的挑战下,中国的法律治理经验为其他国家提供了重要的历史经验和理论样本。面对问题,例如消除风险的难度,风险决策本身会带来风险,以及风险应对的巨大社会成本,社会系统论可以为环境风险的认知和应对提供新的思路。将司法实践经验与社会理论相结合,尤其是尼古拉斯·卢曼的风险/危险二分法学说,基于风险沟通和风险归属的司法权可以给予更明确的功能定位。通过对我国生态司法实践的回顾,德国,和其他国家,法律制度在稳定全社会规范预期中的作用可以概括,为全球生态环境的风险应对和法律治理提供参考。
In modern society, law is one of the most important means of risk prevention and control. Under the challenge of ecological and environmental risks, China\'s legal governance experience provides important historical experience and theoretical samples for other countries. Faced with problems, such as the difficulty of eliminating risks, risk decisions themselves bring risks, and the huge social cost of risk response, the social system theory can provide novel and new ideas for the cognition and response of environmental risks. Combining the experience of judicial practice with social theory, especially Niklas Luhmann\'s doctrine of the risk/danger dichotomy, a clearer functional orientation can be given to judicial powers based on risk communication and risk attribution. By reviewing the ecological judicial practices in China, Germany, and other countries, the role of the legal system in stabilizing the normative expectations of the whole of society can be summarized, which will provide a reference for the risk response and legal governance of the global ecological environment.