背景:由于受长期COVID或COVID后疾病影响的患者人数众多,解决COVID-19长期影响的一个重要步骤是制定和实施灵活和可访问的康复计划。虚拟现实(VR)技术提供了通过个性化的家庭计划支持传统疗法的潜力。
目的:本研究旨在为长期COVID和后COVID患者提供VR辅助呼吸康复计划制定和实施的现有科学证据,并综合结果。
方法:我们对来自6个数据库的研究进行了范围审查。PubMed,CINAHL,科克伦,ScienceDirect,WebofScience社会科学引文索引,和PEDro使用探索性搜索策略进行搜索。搜索,最后一次更新于2024年2月,包括同行评审的沉浸式VR应用研究,该研究为患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病和长期COVID或COVID后疾病的患者提供呼吸康复计划。排除标准是临床或住院环境中的研究,远程医疗,非沉浸式VR应用程序,灰色文学本综述包括9种出版物。根据JBI(JoannaBriggsInstitute)方法从研究中提取和总结研究结果,并进行主题分类。涵盖的主题是研究特征,理疗概念,临床参数,以及可用性和可接受性。
结果:定性分析中包含的9种出版物于2019-2023年出版。包括8项实证研究:4项采用混合方法设计,3是定性研究,1遵循定量方法。数据分析中包括一项范围审查。纳入的研究中有四项是针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者。9项研究表明,VR支持的呼吸康复计划在身体和心理参数方面产生了积极的初步结果。特别值得注意的是患者的动机和依从性增加。然而,不利影响和缺乏可用性是实施这种创新方法的障碍。
结论:总体而言,VR是一项有前途的技术,可为患有长期COVID和COVID后疾病的患者实施个性化和灵活的呼吸康复计划。然而,相应的方法仍在开发中,需要更紧密地适应用户的需求。Further,证据仅限于试点研究或少数患者,研究选择中没有随机对照试验或长期研究.纳入的研究由4组研究人员进行:3名来自欧洲,1名来自美国。
BACKGROUND: Due to a high number of patients affected by long COVID or post-COVID condition, an essential step to address the long-term effects of COVID-19 lies in the development and implementation of flexible and accessible rehabilitation programs. Virtual reality (VR) technologies offer the potential to support traditional therapies with individualized at-home programs.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to provide an overview of existing scientific evidence on the development and implementation of VR-assisted respiratory rehabilitation programs for patients with long COVID and post-COVID condition and to synthesize the results.
METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of studies from 6 databases. PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index, and PEDro were searched using an exploratory search strategy. The search, which was last updated in February 2024, included peer-reviewed studies on immersive VR applications providing respiratory rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and long COVID or post-COVID condition. Exclusion criteria were studies in clinical or inpatient settings, telemedicine, nonimmersive VR applications, and gray literature. Nine publications were included in this review. Findings were extracted and summarized from the studies according to the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) method and thematically categorized. Topics covered were study characteristics, physiotherapeutic concept, clinical parameters, as well as usability and acceptability.
RESULTS: The 9 publications included in the qualitative analysis were published in 2019-2023. Eight empirical studies were included: 4 followed a mixed methods design, 3 were qualitative studies, and 1 followed a quantitative method. One scoping review was included in the data analyses. Four of the included studies were on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The 9 studies demonstrated that VR-supported respiratory rehabilitation programs result in positive initial outcomes in terms of physical as well as psychological parameters. Particularly noteworthy was the increased motivation and compliance of patients. However, adverse effects and lack of usability are the barriers to the implementation of this innovative approach.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, VR is a promising technology for the implementation of individualized and flexible respiratory rehabilitation programs for patients with long COVID and post-COVID condition. Nevertheless, corresponding approaches are still under development and need to be more closely adapted to the needs of users. Further, the evidence was limited to pilot studies or a small number of patients, and no randomized controlled trials or long-term studies were part of the study selection. The included studies were performed by 4 groups of researchers: 3 from Europe and 1 from the United States.