背景:本历史回顾的目的是强调假体重建的进展和发展,重点是模块化股骨远端铰链式全膝关节置换术。
方法:在科学文献中查找有关四肢假体重建的描述,以全面概述该主题,重点研究股骨远端保肢的演变过程。
结果:在格鲁克和佐丹奴的第一部作品之后,象牙和金属以及1890年代后期Pean的先驱肩假体,为大战中受伤的士兵进行的重建带来了巨大的进步。到了1940年代,已尝试更换所有主要关节,并记录在案。
结论:Walldius在1950年代开发了完全约束的铰链膝盖,首次提供了一种一致且可复制的替代关节的方法。1953年,Shiers\'假肢允许良好的屈曲和伸展。1960年代的Stanmore和GUEPAR组假体是第一个具有不同的右侧和左侧模型的假体。旋转铰链是由Walker于1978年开发的,具有六个自由度的创新概念。在1979年至1982年之间,Kotz开发了模块化的分段替代品,添加到固定的铰链膝盖,允许现代股骨远端置换的革命性创造。
结论:对现代股骨远端切除假体的材料和机械解决方案的研究是整形外科医生之间良性多学科团队合作的一个很好的例子,解剖学家,和生物力学工程师。
The purpose of this historical review is to highlight the progression and development of prosthetic reconstruction with a focus on the modular distal femur with hinged total knee arthroplasty.
Scientific literature was searched for descriptions of endoprosthetic reconstruction of the extremities to provide a thorough overview of the subject, focusing the research on the evolution of limb salvage of the distal femur.
After the first works of Gluck and Giordano, with ivory and metal and the pioneer shoulder prosthesis by Pean in the late 1890s, a great advancement was brought by reconstructions performed for injured soldiers of the Great War. By the 1940s, replacement of all the main joints had been attempted, and documented.
Walldius in the 1950s developed a fully constrained hinge knee, offering for the first time a consistent and replicable method of substituting the joint. In 1953, Shiers\' prosthesis allowed for good flexion and extension. Stanmore and GUEPAR group prosthesis in the 1960s were the first to have a different right and left side model. The rotating hinge was developed in 1978 by Walker, with the innovative concept of six degrees of freedom. Between 1979 and 1982, Kotz developed the modular segmental replacement that, added to a fixed hinge knee, permitted the revolutionary creation of the modern distal femur replacement.
The study of the materials and mechanical solutions that was brought to the modern distal femur resection prosthesis is a good example of a virtuous multidisciplinary teamwork between orthopaedic surgeons, anatomists, and biomechanical engineers.