本研究考察了环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)假说的有效性和环境规制的作用,可再生电力,工业化,经济复杂性,以及G-10经济体可持续环境中的技术创新,即,比利时,加拿大,德国,意大利,Japan,荷兰,瑞典,瑞士,联合王国,和美国,从1994年到2020年。我们采用了CS-ARDL(横截面增广分布滞后(CS-ARDL),FMOLS(完全修改的普通最小二乘),和DOLS(动态普通最小二乘)用于数据分析。估算结果证实了GDP和CO2排放量之间的N形EKC假设。此外,长期估计表明,环境税,可再生电力,经济复杂性,技术创新对二氧化碳排放有负面影响,而GDP,工业化和耕地对CO2排放有正向影响。基于这些发现,我们建议政府必须实施大规模的政府计划和举措,以鼓励开发基于可再生能源的环保技术和理念。此外,进一步发展可再生能源,像碳税这样的环境政策,对绿色技术的投资,补贴,应考虑可再生能源基础设施投资的回报。
This study examines the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and the role of environmental regulation, renewable electricity, industrialization, economic complexity, and technological innovation in sustainable environment for the G-10 economies, namely, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the USA, from 1994 to 2020. We employed CS-ARDL (cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-ARDL), FMOLS (fully modified ordinary least squares), and DOLS (dynamic ordinary least squares) for the analysis of the data. The estimates confirm the N-shaped EKC hypothesis between the GDP and CO2 emission. Moreover, the long-run estimates exhibit that environmental tax, renewable electricity, economic complexity, and technological innovation have negative effect on CO2 emission, while GDP, industrialization and arable land have positive effect on CO2 emission. Based on these findings, we propose that governments must implement large-scale government plans and initiatives to encourage the development of environmentally friendly technologies and ideas based on renewable energy. Moreover, further growing renewable energy, environmental policies like a carbon tax, investments in green technologies, subsidies, and rewards for renewable energy infrastructure investment should be taken into account.