通常在免疫缺陷患者中发现Scedosporium和Lomentospora感染。特别是在移植人群中。然而,它们在有免疫能力的患者中相对罕见,这对于排除接近溺水和吸气的情况特别有用。这里,我们报道了1例具有免疫功能的患者,该患者临床上怀疑是由长龙孢菌引起的社区获得性肺炎,通过宏基因组学下一代测序(mNGS)和聚合酶链反应从支气管肺泡灌洗液中检测到的.该病例突出了mNGS在肺部侵袭性真菌病临床诊断中的应用价值。mNGS被认为是罕见病原体的重要辅助诊断方法。
Infections with Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are usually found in patients who are immunodeficient, particularly in the transplant population. However, they are relatively rare in patients who are immunocompetent, which is especially useful in ruling out near-drowning and aspiration situations. Here, we report a case of a patient who is immunocompetent, with clinically suspected community-acquired pneumonia caused by Lomentospora prolificans detected by metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and polymerase chain reaction from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. This case highlights mNGS in the clinical diagnosis of pulmonary invasive fungal disease. mNGS is proposed as an important adjunctive diagnostic approach for rare pathogens.