BACKGROUND: Now affecting one in six couples in Canada, infertility is defined as a lack of conception after 12 or more months of regular, unprotected heterosexual intercourse. Infertility is associated with immense psychological burden, particularly for individuals assigned female at birth. Yet existing psychological interventions are not specialized to this population and have been shown to be only marginally effective at relieving distress related to infertility. Thus, a new online self-directed psychological intervention was co-created with a panel of women experiencing infertility, and ultimately consisted of six 10-min video modules addressing the cognitive, emotional, and interpersonal aspects of infertility-related distress.
METHODS: In the current study, 21 women experiencing reduced quality of life related to infertility were recruited to participate in a one-arm pre-post pilot testing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the program. Participant adherence and retention were monitored, and participants rated the credibility of the program and the helpfulness of each module as well as provided feedback on the content and format of the program. Pre-to-post changes in fertility quality of life, anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and relationship satisfaction were examined.
RESULTS: The program modules were highly rated by participants, with average helpfulness ratings ranging from 7.5 to 8.2/10. Two participants became pregnant and therefore stopped prematurely, 79% of the remaining participants completed all six modules, and participants reported completing 52.8 (SD = 82.0) min of homework per week. Participants perceived the intervention as highly credible and generally approved of the format, length, and speed; however, 68% of participants had recommendations for additional content to be included in the intervention. While relationship satisfaction did not change significantly over time, large pre-to-post improvements in fertility quality of life, depression, and anxiety were observed (p < .001; Cohen\'s ds = 0.9-1.3).
CONCLUSIONS: This self-directed intervention was well received and has the potential to be highly effective in reducing infertility-related distress, informing future development and optimization.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05103982.

UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate the therapeutic effect of nurse-led telepsychological intervention on patients with postpartum depression.
UNASSIGNED: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China VIP database were searched for articles on the effectiveness of remote psychological intervention in improving postpartum depression. The search time was limited from the establishment of the database to December 2023. The literature was screened, and data were extracted. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials that met standards, and RevMan5.4 was used for meta-analysis.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 14 studies involving 1765 patients from 9 countries were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with routine care, telepsychological intervention can alleviate maternal depression (Standard Mean Difference [SMD] = -0.60, 95% CI [-0.91, -0.29], I 2 = 88%, P < .01). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses revealed that 3 studies using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale evaluation tool were the source of heterogeneity in the meta-analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Telepsychological postpartum depression intervention can effectively improve postpartum depression, indicating that it has a certain clinical application value.

BACKGROUND: Mental health crisis rates in the United Kingdom are on the rise. The emergence of community mental health models, such as Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Teams (CRHTTs), offers a vital pathway to provide intensive assessment and treatment to individuals in their homes, including psychological interventions. Previous qualitative literature has identified facilitators and barriers to the implementation of psychological interventions within CRHTT settings; however, a synthesis of this literature has not yet been conducted. To address this gap, a systematic review was undertaken with the aim of identifying the reported facilitators and barriers of implementing evidence-based psychological interventions in CRHTTs.
METHODS: A systematic review and narrative synthesis were conducted. Studies were included if they examined the implementation of evidence-based psychological interventions in a CRHTT setting. The study population had to be 18 and over and could include healthcare professionals working in CRHTTs, service users of CRHTTs, or family and carers of CRHTT service users. Studies of any formal research methodology were included. Four databases were searched (MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Embase and PsycINFO), along with Google Scholar, to identify eligible studies.
RESULTS: Six studies were identified, using mixed qualitative and quantitative methodologies, with the predominant focus being the exploration of stakeholder perspectives on care implementation within CRHTTs, encompassing aspects including but not restricted to psychological care implementation. The literature was deemed to be of moderate to high quality. Facilitators included adapting psychological therapies, prioritizing the therapeutic relationship, increasing psychological skills and training of CRHTT staff and psychologically informed CRHTT models. The barriers identified included a medical model bias within teams, resource constraints and elements pertaining to CRHTT services.
CONCLUSIONS: Further robust research in this area is imperative. We recommend that future research be implemented in the form of service evaluations and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and that the principles of implementation science be used to assess and develop the evidence base for psychological intervention delivery in CRHTTs.

UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to investigate how prior research of TTRPG revealed the benefits of TTRPG as a psychological intervention and how further studies can overcome the challenges and limitations of TTRPG in those previous studies.
UNASSIGNED: The study used Scoping Review to explore the potential benefits of TTRPG. Three research questions were identified (1) the extent to which empirical research has been conducted regarding TTRPG as intervention, (2) the potential of TTRPG mentioned, and (3) the suggestions for future research. The study investigated the last 10 years (ie, 2013 to 2023) of research publications with all research methods included. The search focused on key terms of \"Tabletop Role-playing Game\", \"TTRPG\", \"Dungeons and Dragons\", and terms related to intervention. The databases used were in English and Indonesian and resulted in 109 papers but later eliminated due to various reasons until it became 51 papers to be reviewed.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 51 papers included for final analysis, majority are of exploratory approach (n = 35; eg, literature review and qualitative design studies), indicating that research in TTRPG is still at the emerging stage. Quantitative design studies (n = 12) and mixed-method design studies (n = 4) on TTRPG are the minority. Majority papers (n = 30) are published in the United States, only three papers published in the Asian context, indicating that TTRPG research in the Asian context is scarce.
UNASSIGNED: From existing literature, TTRPG provides benefits to promote cognitive and psychosocial skills, to prevent negative effects and stress, as well as to intervene in psychological problems such as social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and autism spectrum disorders. Further studies can explore the use of TTRPG in Asia-representing collectivistic culture, to employ different systems of TTRPG and to examine the effects of TTRPG using experimental design to overcome the limitations of prior studies.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the effects of basic nursing combined with psychological intervention on treatment compliance, self-care ability, clinical efficacy, lung function and nursing satisfaction of patients with Influenza-A(H1N1).
UNASSIGNED: This was application research. Eighty patients with influenza-A (H1N1) admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2020 to December 2022 were included as subjects and randomly divided into the observation group(n=40) and the control group(n=40). Patients in the control group were given routine basic nursing intervention, while those in the observation group were treated with combined psychological intervention in addition to basic nursing. The differences in treatment compliance, self-care ability, clinical efficacy, lung function and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
UNASSIGNED: After the intervention, the treatment compliance score and the total self-care ability score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). After treatment, the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Before treatment, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of various indexes of lung function, which were better in the observation group than in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).
UNASSIGNED: Basic nursing combined with psychological intervention results in a variety of benefits in the treatment of patients with Influenza-A(H1N1), such as improved treatment compliance and self-care ability, ameliorated lung function, as well as enhanced treatment outcomes and nursing satisfaction, which needs to be promoted in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of psychological interventions is undisputed. But while in other fields of health care the safety of interventions is studied alongside effectiveness, adverse events (AEs) have only recently been assessed in clinical studies of psychological interventions. This critical review summarizes the definition, assessment and current research status of AEs of psychological interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: AEs are defined as any untoward event or unfavorable change that occurs in the course of a psychological intervention. AEs that are caused by the intervention can be classified into side effects of correctly applied treatment, malpractice (i.e., incorrectly applied treatment) and unethical conduct (e.g., sexual abuse). Ideally, they are assessed by independent raters or alternatively by self-report questionnaires that should also cover serious adverse events (SAEs, e.g., suicide attempts or self-injurious behaviors). About 1 to 2 in 3 patients report at least 1 AE and results of meta-analyses suggest that treatments might differ in frequency and/or severity of AE and in treatment acceptability (measured as dropout rates).
CONCLUSIONS: Measures of AEs and SAEs as well as more nuanced descriptions of dropout should be included in all clinical studies of psychological interventions. If this happens, we might learn that psychological interventions differ with respect to AEs, SAEs and acceptability. As many psychological interventions are about equally effective, they might one day be chosen based on differences in their safety profile rather than their differential effectiveness. Ideally, reducing AEs might also lead to more effective interventions.

BACKGROUND: Chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) is highly present among older adults, affecting their physical, psychological, and social functioning. A biopsychosocial multimodal approach to CNCP management is currently extensively suggested by international clinical practice guidelines. Recently, the growing development and application of eHealth within pain management has yielded encouraging results in terms of effectiveness and feasibility; however, its use among the older population remains underexamined.
OBJECTIVE: The overall aim of this scoping review was to systematically map existing literature about eHealth multimodal interventions (including both physical and psychosocial components) targeting older adults with CNCP.
METHODS: This review adhered to the JBI methodology, a protocol was a priori registered as a preprint on the medRxiv platform, and the results were reported according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched for relevant articles. Studies were included if they reported on multimodal interventions (including both physical and psychosocial components) delivered through any eHealth modality to an older population with any type of CNCP. Two reviewers selected the studies: first by screening titles and abstracts and second by screening full-text articles. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs. The results of the studies were summarized narratively.
RESULTS: A total of 9 studies (n=6, 67% published between 2021 and 2023) with quality rated as medium to high were included, of which 7 (78%) were randomized controlled trials (n=5, 71% were pilot and feasibility studies). All the included studies evaluated self-management interventions, most of them (n=7, 78%) specifically designed for older adults. The participants were aged between 65 and 75 years on average (mean 68.5, SD 3.5 y) and had been diagnosed with different types of CNCP (eg, osteoarthritis and chronic low back pain). Most of the included studies (5/9, 56%) involved the use of multiple eHealth modalities, with a higher use of web-based programs and video consulting. Only 1 (11%) of the 9 studies involved a virtual reality-based intervention. The evaluated interventions showed signs of effectiveness in the targeted biopsychosocial outcomes, and the participants\' engagement and ratings of satisfaction were generally positive. However, several research gaps were identified and discussed.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, of late, there has been a growing interest in the potential that eHealth multimodal interventions offer in terms of improving pain, physical, and psychosocial outcomes in older adults with CNCP. However, existing literature on this topic still seems scarce and highly heterogeneous, with few proper randomized controlled trials, precluding robust conclusions. Several gaps emerged in terms of the older population considered and the lack of evaluation of comorbidities.
UNASSIGNED: RR2-10.1101/2023.07.27.23293235.

BACKGROUND: Food allergy (FA) impairs psychological wellbeing because of constant vigilance, planning and preparation, dietary and social restrictions, and fear of accidental ingestion, though psychological interventions are sparse.
OBJECTIVE: To examine online, group, low-intensity psychological interventions for adults, children, young people (CYP), and parents with food allergies.
METHODS: The randomized controlled trials assessed the feasibility and signal of the efficacy of a psychological intervention for adults, CYP, and parents with FA. Participants were randomized to receive the psychological intervention or treatment as usual. The intervention consisted of two, 3-hour manualized online sessions spaced 1 week apart. All participants completed relevant Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaires (FAQLQ) and worry (Penn State Worry Questionnaires), in addition to exploratory outcomes, at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months.
RESULTS: A total of 129 participants (n = 44 adults, n = 52 CYP, and n = 33 parents) were recruited and randomized; 95 (74%) (n = 36 adults, n = 35 CYP, and n = 24 parents) were retained at 3 months. Owing to baseline differences, mean change was used for parent and CYP outcomes. The psychological intervention demonstrated large FAQLQ benefits across adults (g = -1.12, 95% CI -0.41 to -1.28), CYP (g = 1.23, 95% CI 0.51-1.95), and parents (g = 1.43, 95% CI 0.54-2.30) compared with controls at 3-months.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides encouraging findings regarding the feasibility of online, group, low-intensity psychological interventions, in terms of recruitment and retention as well as a signal of efficacy on FAQLQ. A definitive trial including health economic analysis and FA-specific psychological measures with consideration of best routes to implementation, is warranted.
BACKGROUND: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: NCT04763889 (adults), NCT04770727 (CYP), and NCT04774796 (parents).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of psychological interventions in postoperative anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) compared to standard rehabilitation.
METHODS: The databases searched were PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, and EMBASE were searched from each database inception to May 2023 for published studies. The methodological quality was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment (RoB 2.0) tool. The evidence quality was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.
RESULTS: Six papers were included in the meta-analysis. Psychological intervention significantly improved Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia at 3 months (Standard Mean Difference [SMD], -0.51. 95% Confidence Interval [CI], -0.85 to -0.17) and pain (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Pain, Numeric Rating Scale, Visual Analog Scale) at 3 months (SMD, -0.92. 95%CI, -1.69 to -0.15) and at 6 months following ACLR (MD, -1.25. 95%CI, -1.82 to -0.68) when compared with the standard rehabilitation, according to very low-quality data. Self-efficacy and knee strength did not show significant differences.
CONCLUSIONS: Very low-quality evidence suggests that psychological intervention following ACLR yields better short-term outcomes compared to standard rehabilitation, with uncertainty about its clinically significant benefits over standard rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental health conditions that affect a person physically and psychologically. In the past, EDs were only recognized as a cultural phenomenon/societal by-product of the West. However, research evidence marks its presence in non-western countries also, including South Asia. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a manualized psychological intervention called Getting Better Bite by Bite (GBBB) in individuals who screened positive on measures of EDs in Pakistan.
METHODS: The proposed study is a feasibility randomized controlled trial (fRCT). The study will be conducted at five sites across Pakistan: Karachi, Hyderabad, Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Multan to recruit a total of 80 participants. Eligible participants will be randomized to either (1) the intervention group; in which they will receive one-to-one sessions of GBBB along with routine care or (2) the routine care group; in which they will only have access to the routine care. We have received ethics approval by the National Bioethics Committee. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05724394). The study team has received permission from recruitment centers: hospitals (i.e. the psychiatry department of public and private hospitals based in these cities), fitness centers (i.e., gyms), educational institutes (i.e., colleges and universities), and community settings (i.e. community health clinics). Self-referrals from General Practitioners and community settings will be accepted. The intervention manual has been translated into Urdu and a multidisciplinary team including service users has culturally adapted the content of intervention for local context.
CONCLUSIONS: This study will provide evidence on feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted intervention for individuals who screen positive on measures of EDs. The findings of this study will inform a fully powered Randomized Controlled Trial of the proposed intervention.
BACKGROUND: The study is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05724394). Protocol version (1.0. 1st June 2022).