近年来,心理生物学的历史学科基础已从传统的白人(高加索人)学科扩展到整个历史上具有更广泛的文化包容性的重要人物群体。强大的多元文化心理生物学的一个关键组成部分是包含植根于社会文化政治背景的心理学锚定理论。仅使用传统的西方心理学和精神病学理论(例如医学模型,心理动力学,存在主义,认知行为)限制了研究在适当的文化背景下准确捕获非凡个体的erlebnis(生活经验)的能力。本文回顾了特定的心理学理论,这些理论最近为代表不同种族/民族/文化背景的历史人物的更细致入微和文化语境化的心理概况奠定了基础。涵盖的理论包括综合非洲心理学观点(IAPP),土著(美洲原住民)心理生物学模型,以及关于心理黑化(黑人种族身份发展)的理论和模型,交叉性,政治集体身份(PCI)狂热的黑人种族身份发展(QBRID),黑人儿童的美化,在其他人中。这些以文化为中心的理论应用于心理生物学的例子,从目前的作者最近完成的心理计量学,以及国际上其他研究人员的研究,被呈现。
In recent years the historical subject base in
psychobiography has expanded from a traditional focus on White (Caucasian) subjects to a broader more culturally inclusive population of significant personalities throughout history. A critical component of strong multicultural
psychobiography is the inclusion of anchoring theories of psychology that are rooted in socio-cultural-political context. To psychologically profile culturally diverse individuals with only traditional Western theories of psychology and psychiatry (e.g. medical models, psychodynamic, existential, cognitive-behavioral) limits the ability of the research to accurately capture the erlebnis (lived experience) of extraordinary individuals in proper cultural context. This article reviews specific psychological theories that have recently set a foundation for more nuanced and culturally contextualised psychological profiles of historic personalities who represent diverse racial/ethnic/cultural backgrounds. Among the theories covered are the Integrated African Psychology Perspective (IAPP), an Indigenous (Native American) model of
psychobiography, as well as theories and models on Psychological Nigrescence (Black racial identity development), Intersectionality, Politicised Collective Identity (PCI), Queered Black Racial Identity Development (QBRID), and Adultification of Black Children, among others. Examples of applications of these culture-centered theories to
psychobiography, drawn from the present authors recently completed psychobiographies, as well as from other researchers internationally, are presented.