Cystic artery stump pseudoaneurysm (CASP) is a potentially life-threatening condition that can be related to multiple etiologies, especially the iatrogenic factor owing to the increased number of hepatobiliary procedures. Most patients present with haemobilia. Here we report a successfully managed case of CASP that initially complained of right upper abdominal pain. A 38-year-old patient developed bile duct injury after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) which was identified by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Later, she developed haemobilia due to CASP which was then treated by trans-arterial embolization (TAE). CASP is a rare complication of post-LC, yet potentially life-threatening, with possible delayed complications occurring months to years after the surgery. Clinicians and radiologists should be aware of this important entity and its variable manifestations to facilitate early treatment.

UNASSIGNED: The diagnostics and treatment management in conditions of massive sanitary losses with the use of staged treatment have their own specifics and require a multidisciplinary approach with the involvement of a wide range of specialists and the use of modern technologies. The number of sources covering the ultrasound diagnostics and clinical course of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm as a complication of gunshot wounds is quite limited in world literature.
METHODS: We present the experience of the observation and management of the right hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm in case of the blast injury of liver in two patients: the example of successful resolution with spontaneous occlusion and the example with the occurrence of internal bleeding as a result of pseudoaneurysm rupture.
UNASSIGNED: Clinical cases presented here belong to the category of severe injuries caused by high-energy weapons, which are characterized by a syndrome of mutual aggravation and need for simultaneous treatment of several damaged organs. The use of contrast methods in severely injured patients requires instrumental justification, and results of daily ultrasound monitoring with the use of color Doppler program can be the one.
CONCLUSIONS: Pseudoaneurysm of hepatic arteries is a dangerous complication of severe liver wounds and injuries, which occurs in 3·2 % of patients according to our data. The method of ultrasound examination with the use of color Doppler mapping program allows to visualize pseudoaneurysms and monitor their progress. When identifying patients with pseudoaneurysm of hepatic arteries at the level II-III medical care (Role II-III), their further evacuation should be carried out to medical institutions equipped with endovascular correction technologies.

A left ventricular pseudoaneurysm, an ominous consequence of acute myocardial infarction, poses a significant threat to patient well-being. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This report describes diagnostic imaging findings for identifying left ventricular pseudoaneurysms, emphasizing the critical role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging alongside other modalities. We present two cases of patients with a history of myocardial infarction who presented with palpitations, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Initial 2D echocardiography in both patients revealed aneurysmal dilation of the left ventricle. Cardiac MRI was then performed, confirming the diagnosis in both cases.

Subclavian artery pseudoaneurysms are rare and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Alternative approaches to open surgical repair can include endovascular repair or ultrasound-guided thrombin injection. Here, we describe a safe and novel technique of closure of a subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm with Angio-Seal that was unresponsive to thrombin injection and in a difficult location for open repair.

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UNASSIGNED: Aortic pseudoaneurysms are a type of contained rupture where most of the aortic wall is breached, leaving only a thin rim of the remaining wall or adventitia to hold the blood. This condition carries a high risk of rupture and potentially fatal complications. Typically, patients present with chest pain; haemoptysis can also occur, though rarely.
UNASSIGNED: A 64-year-old male who presented with two episodes of haemoptysis, with no history of cardiovascular surgery or trauma. A chest computerized tomography (CT) followed by an aortogram revealed a thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm and the patient underwent surgical aortic repair without any complications. This case underscores the rare presentation of thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm.
UNASSIGNED: Haemoptysis is a rare manifestation of thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysm and can be a warning sign of impending rupture. Haemoptysis may occur due to formation of aortopulmonary fistula or direct erosion of pseudoaneurysm into lung parenchyma.
UNASSIGNED: It is imperative for clinicians to recognise such manifestations early for prompt diagnosis and prevention of complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Recognise haemoptysis as the manifestation of thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm.Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to high rate of complications and mortality.Trauma and cardiovascular surgery are the most common cause for thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm; however, sometimes it can occur due to atherosclerosis.

Hemoptysis in the pediatric population, while infrequent, poses significant challenges for both the family and healthcare practitioners. The severity of hemoptysis dictates management decisions. Most cases being mild and self-limiting are treated conservatively. However, \"life-threatening hemoptysis\" may occur, and is defined as any degree of blood loss that endangers the airway and is arbitrarily considered to be > 8 ml/kg in 24 h in children. It requires prompt airway management and resuscitation followed by a tailored approach consisting of bronchoscopy, computed tomography (CT), interventional radiology, and/or surgery depending on the patient \'s clinical status and cardiopulmonary comorbidities. Bronchial arteries are hypertrophied in myriad conditions and account for 90-95% cases of hemoptysis due to their systemic pressure levels; the rest being contributed by pulmonary artery pathologies. Despite similar pathogenic mechanisms, the etiologies of pediatric hemoptysis differ from those in adults, with acute lower respiratory tract infections being the predominant cause. Imaging plays a crucial role in identifying the source and cause of hemorrhage. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has emerged as a prime modality in the diagnostic evaluation of hemoptysis and provides a roadmap for potential interventional procedures. This article discusses the etiopathogenesis of hemoptysis along with a brief mention of the diagnostic modalities. It provides a structured reporting format and uses it to illustrate the imaging features in hemoptysis, with emphasis on CT angiography. The key findings in the lung parenchyma, airways, bronchial and non-bronchial systemic collaterals, and pulmonary arteries are elaborated upon. It further addresses the nuances of interventional management, particularly emphasizing the applications of bronchial artery embolization and pulmonary artery embolization in the pediatric population. The article also underscores the potential complications and factors influencing recurrence rates.

Background: Peripheral aneurysms, although known about for centuries, are challenging to monitor due to their asymptomatic nature. Advanced imaging has improved detection, which is crucial for preventing emergent complications. This five-year retrospective study from a single center aimed to evaluate the location, presentation, diagnosis, and management of 110 patients with aneurysms of the femoral and popliteal arteries of the lower limb. Materials and methods: The study included 71 true aneurysms and 39 pseudoaneurysms patients treated between 2018-2023. Treatment methods were based on aneurysm size, atherosclerosis severity, and operation risk. The study assessed patient demographics, surgical details, postoperative complications, and aneurysm characteristics. Results: Acute limb ischemia was more prevalent in true aneurysms (25.4% vs. 7.7%; p = 0.02). Aneurysmectomy was performed more frequently in pseudoaneurysms (87.2% vs. 54.9%; p < 0.001), while endovascular treatment and surgical bypass were more common in true aneurysms (Endovascular: 22.5% vs. 2.6%; p = 0.01; bypass: 21.1% vs. 0%; p < 0.001). Early postoperative complications occurred in 22.7% of patients. The 12-month freedom from reoperations (73.7% vs. 87%; p = 0.07), amputations (97.7% vs. 93.8%; p = 0.2), and graft stenosis (78.7% vs. 86.87%; p = 0.06) showed no significant differences between groups. Conclusions: Lower limb aneurysms often present with non-specific symptoms, leading to late diagnosis and life-threatening complications. Both open and endovascular treatments are feasible, though more research is needed for pseudoaneurysms. Vigilant follow-up is crucial due to potential adverse events, though overall mortality and morbidity remain low.

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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) remains the main therapeutic modality towards the management of common bile duct (CBD) stones and dilatation of strictures. It also has varied diagnostic roles including brush biopsy. The procedure still is associated with side effects and increased morbidity and mortality. One side effect is bleeding. This may be associated with procedural trauma or bleeding following post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm delayed-onset bleeding. Although it may be argued that inflammation surrounding the biliary duct area and in particular the pancreas could also contribute to the delayed bleeding along the ampullary region, we present a case of delayed pseudoaneurysm bleeding that was successfully managed post-ERCP via interventional radiology-guided embolization.