牛特异性肝损害,称为嗜酸性粒细胞增生性静脉炎(EPP),主要在日本黑牛中检测到,并在门静脉区域确定了组织学上的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润和内皮增生。我们先前提出EPP作为食物过敏的病理特征和血清免疫球蛋白E的显着增加特异性卷曲码头(Rumexcrispus)在过敏原测试,然而,第一份报告认为EPP是一种非典型的牛筋膜吸虫病。在EPP病变中,嗜酸性粒细胞浸润观察到肥大的内皮,而不是肝内胆管,这与eotaxin-1的表达有关。在EPP中,肥大细胞也增加了,产生类胰蛋白酶而不含糜蛋白酶的肥大细胞随着白细胞介素-4的产生而增加。在这种情况下,观察到表达蛋白酶激活受体2(PAR-2)而非血管紧张素II的内皮周围增生。相比之下,在Fascioliasis,独特的肥大细胞既不产生类胰蛋白酶也不产生糜酶,内皮周围既不表达PAR-2也不表达血管紧张素II。有趣的是,EPP没有发生肝酶升高的肝损伤,如片形石症,并表明与严重的血清维生素A缺乏有关。这项研究表明,EPP是一种过敏性疾病,主要区别在于对过敏原的适应性免疫和对寄生虫的先天免疫。
Cow-specific feature hepatic lesion, termed as eosinophilic proliferative phlebitis (EPP), has been mainly detected in Japanese black cattle and identified histologically eosinophilic infiltration and endothelial hyperplasia in portal areas. We previously proposed EPP as a food allergy from the pathological characteristics and a significant increase of serum immunoglobulin E specific to curly dock (Rumex crispus) in allergens testing, however, first report had regarded EPP an atypical type of bovine fascioliasis. In EPP lesions, eosinophilic infiltration was observed to the hypertrophic endothelium and not to the intrahepatic bile duct, and that was related to eotaxin-1 expression. In EPP, the mast cells increased as well as in fascioliasis, and the mast cells producing tryptase without chymase increased with interleukin-4 production. In this context, hyperplasia of periendothelium expressing proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and not angiotensin II was observed. Contrastably, in fascioliasis, unique mast cells producing neither tryptase nor chymase infiltrated, and the periendothelium expressed neither PAR-2 nor angiotensin II. Interestingly, EPP had not occurred liver injury with raised hepatic enzymes like fascioliasis, and suggested to a correlation with severe serum hypo-vitamin A. Overall, this study suggests that EPP is an allergic disease by main difference between adaptive immunity to allergens and innate immunity to parasites.