在过去的30年中,已经广泛研究了噬菌体MS2衍生的病毒样颗粒(VLP)在医学生物技术中的用途。由于第一份报告显示MS2VLP可以高产且相对易于工程生产,已经提出了许多应用。在开发MS2VLP作为不同分子的保护性胶囊和递送平台方面已经付出了特别的努力。如化学化合物,蛋白质和核酸。其中,两个是特别值得注意的:作为支架展示用于疫苗开发的异源表位和作为用于封装外源RNA的衣壳。在这次审查中,我们总结了为这两个领域开发MS2VLP的进展。
空心,纳米蛋白质颗粒有许多潜在的用途。如果它们能被适当地设计,例如,它们可以能够将治疗性货物运送到患病细胞或用作疫苗,其中适当的抗原安装在它们的外表面上。许多病毒提供现成的蛋白质颗粒,衣壳,它可以通过排除病毒遗传物质而变得中空。MS2是一种针对细菌的病毒-一种噬菌体-具有良好的特征,并且已经开发了多年用于许多应用。它特别有希望开发疫苗和RNA递送,两者都在这里回顾。
The versatile potential of bacteriophage MS2-derived virus-like particles (VLPs) in medical biotechnology has been extensively studied during the last 30 years. Since the first reports showing that MS2 VLPs can be produced at high yield and relatively easily engineered, numerous applications have been proposed. Particular effort has been spent in developing MS2 VLPs as protective capsules and delivery platforms for diverse molecules, such as chemical compounds, proteins and nucleic acids. Among these, two are particularly noteworthy: as scaffolds displaying heterologous epitopes for vaccine development and as capsids for encapsulation of foreign RNA. In this review, we summarize the progress in developing MS2 VLPs for these two areas.
Hollow, nanosized protein particles have many potential uses. If they can be appropriately engineered, they may for example be able to carry therapeutic cargoes to diseased cells or be used as a vaccine where appropriate antigens are mounted on their external surface. Many viruses offer a ready-made protein particle, the capsid, which can be made hollow by exclusion of the viral genetic material. MS2 is a virus that targets bacteria – a bacteriophage – which is well characterized and has been developed over many years for a number of applications. It has particular promise for development as a vaccine and for RNA delivery, both of which are reviewed here.