家庭保存取决于食物基质,冰箱设计/技术,消费者行为,和环境温度。在产品相关的冰箱位置存储不同的食物矩阵,产生不同的温度历史,可用于开发冰箱技术的指标,消费者习惯,和环境条件影响冰箱的食品保鲜性能。在这项研究中,家禽,特别容易腐败,反映其pH值,营养可用性,和高aw,用于评估受压缩机技术(单[SS]和变速[VS])影响的冰箱保存性能,环境温度(21.1°C[LT]和32.2°C[HT]),和冰箱负荷(22.5公斤[RL]和39公斤[HL])。收集的鸡胸肉的时间-温度值储存在独立控制在0°C的冰箱中5°C,和假单胞菌预测微生物学模型,用于估计归一化冰箱性能指标(RPI)。值<1,1和>1描述为优秀,不错,或者性能不佳,分别。首次分析表明,高达54%的鸡胸肉温度高于其建议的冷藏存储值。当忽略可变性来源时,SS技术产生的RPI值范围为0.61-0.70,而更节能的VS压缩机产生的值范围为0.86-1.14。较高和较宽的VSRPI范围反映了为符合能效而优化的压缩机控制逻辑,同时忽略了对食品保存的影响。当通过单侧95%置信区间考虑模型参数和温度测量的可变性时,RPI达到1.16。尽管独立控制的抽屉保存性能接近最佳,它可以通过优化压缩机速度控制协议时考虑能源使用和保存影响来改进。实际应用:全球禽肉消费量已达到每人15公斤。制冷因其安全性和质量保存而被广泛使用。效率法规使家用冰箱的能耗减少了近十倍,尽管它们的尺寸在过去的半个世纪中增加了50%。在这项研究中,我们提供了定量证据,证明它们的保存性能必须得到改善。对于通常配备有更安静和更节能的变速压缩机的上端单元尤其如此。可以使用相同的方法来评估存储单元的保存性能,卡车,和陈列柜用于冷藏产品。
Home preservation depends on the food matrix, refrigerator design/technology, consumer actions, and ambient temperature. Storing different food matrices in product-relevant refrigerator locations generating different temperature histories can be used to develop an indicator of how refrigerator technology, consumer habits, and environment conditions impact the refrigerator food preservation performance. In this study, poultry, particularly prone to spoilage reflecting its pH, nutrient availability, and high aw, was used to evaluate refrigerator preservation performance as affected by compressor technology (single [SS] and variable speed [VS]), ambient temperature (21.1°C [LT] and 32.2°C [HT]), and refrigerator load (22.5 kg [RL] and 39 kg [HL]). Time-temperature values collected for chicken breast stored in a drawer independently controlled at 0°C in a refrigerator set 5°C, and a Pseudomonas predictive microbiology model, were used to estimate a normalized refrigerator performance indicator (RPI). Values <1, ∼1, and >1 described excellent, good, or poor performance, respectively. A first analysis revealed that up to 54% of chicken breast temperatures were above its recommended refrigerated storage value. When ignoring variability sources, SS technology yielded RPI values ranging 0.61-0.70, whereas the more energy efficient VS compressor yielded values ranging 0.86-1.14. The higher and wider VS RPI range reflects a compressor control logic optimized for energy efficiency compliance while disregarding effects on food preservation. When considering the variability of model parameters and temperature measurements through one-sided 95% confidence intervals yielded RPI reaching 1.16. Although the independently controlled drawer preservation performance was near optimal, it can improve by considering energy use and preservation impact when optimizing the compressor speed control protocol. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Worldwide poultry meat consumption has reached 15 kg per person. Refrigeration is widely used for its safety and quality preservation. Efficiency regulations decreased the energy use of residential refrigerators by nearly tenfold even though their size increased by 50% in the last half century. In this study, we provide quantitative evidence that their preservation performance must be improved. This is particularly true for upper end units typically equipped with quieter and more energy-efficient variable speed compressors. The same methodology can be used to evaluate the preservation performance of the storage units, trucks, and display cases used for refrigerated products.