量化越野(XC)滑雪中的运动协调,特别是其基本形式的技术,具有挑战性。特别是,这适用于试图在科学理论和实践专家之间建立双向转移所表达的知识,例如,在滑雪教学课程中。这项研究的目的是翻译V2滑雪滑冰技术的14个课程通知的不同元素(水平和垂直姿势,横向倾斜,头部位置,上身旋转,摆臂,肩膀外展,肘部屈曲,手和腿的距离,足底屈曲,滑雪设置,腿推脱,和滑行阶段)进入似是而非的阶段,有效和适用的措施,使技术培训过程更加可量化和科学。10名经验丰富的XC滑雪者的惯性测量单位(IMU)数据,他们分别以两种极端形式展示了技术元素(例如,记录水平姿势的前后定位)。特定于元素的主成分分析(PCA)-由极端技术产生的方差驱动-导致运动成分表达了基本技术元素的可量化度量。使用统计参数映射(SPM),发现十种度量在区分输入的极端变化方面很敏感,而对于四个元素,SPM没有检测到差异(横向倾斜,足底屈曲,滑雪设置,和腿推脱)。所建立的技术措施的适用性是基于通过它们对各个技术进行量化来确定的。该研究引入了一种定量评估V2滑雪滑冰技术的新方法,这可能有助于加强技术反馈,弥合从业者和科学家之间经常存在的沟通差距。
Quantifying movement coordination in cross-country (XC) skiing, specifically the technique with its elemental forms, is challenging. Particularly, this applies when trying to establish a bidirectional transfer between scientific theory and practical experts\' knowledge as expressed, for example, in ski instruction curricula. The objective of this study was to translate 14 curricula-informed distinct elements of the V2 ski-skating technique (horizontal and vertical posture, lateral tilt, head position, upper body rotation, arm swing, shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, hand and leg distance, plantar flexion, ski set-down, leg push-off, and gliding phase) into plausible, valid and applicable measures to make the technique training process more quantifiable and scientifically grounded. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) data of 10 highly experienced XC skiers who demonstrated the technique elements by two extreme forms each (e.g., anterior versus posterior positioning for the horizontal posture) were recorded. Element-specific principal component analyses (PCAs)-driven by the variance produced by the technique extremes-resulted in movement components that express quantifiable measures of the underlying technique elements. Ten measures were found to be sensitive in distinguishing between the inputted extreme variations using statistical parametric mapping (SPM), whereas for four elements the SPM did not detect differences (lateral tilt, plantar flexion, ski set-down, and leg push-off). Applicability of the established technique measures was determined based on quantifying individual techniques through them. The study introduces a novel approach to quantitatively assess V2 ski-skating technique, which might help to enhance technique feedback and bridge the communication gap that often exists between practitioners and scientists.