在怀孕期间检测饮食失调(ED)的重要性怎么强调都不为过,由于这种病理对母体和胎儿健康的主要负面影响。基于包括主要和次要报告在内的快速审查,PN可能仍然被认为是一个难以捉摸的诊断实体,与其他ED部分重叠,要么定义明确,比如神经性厌食症,或者仍然在寻找自己的诊断标准,比如神经性矫正症.神经化学和激素因素,心理和社会机制,随着生活方式的改变,为有兴趣定义神经性早熟症(PN)的典型特征的临床医生创建了一个非常复杂的框架。ED的个人病史被认为是PN最重要的危险因素之一。该实体的核心诊断标准是,到目前为止,怀孕期间体重增加不足,过度专注于计算卡路里和/或激烈的体育锻炼,对胎儿健康的兴趣降低,怀孕期间缺乏对身体形态变化的接受,以及对自己身体形象的病态关注。关于PN的治疗,建议采用营养和社会心理干预措施,但文献中尚未发现针对该疾病的具体治疗策略.心理治疗被认为是对患有相关ED和情绪障碍的孕妇的主要干预措施,因为这些药物可能具有致畸作用或没有足够的数据支持其在该人群中的安全性。总之,考虑到快速审查的方法局限性,找到了支持PN存在的数据,主要是关于暂定诊断标准,危险因素,和病理生理方面。这些数据,证实了在弱势群体中保持最佳心理健康的重要性,例如,孕妇,证明有必要进行进一步研究,重点是寻找特定的诊断标准和有针对性的治疗方法。
The importance of detecting eating disorders (EDs) during pregnancy cannot be overemphasized, because of the major negative effects this pathology has on both maternal and fetal health. Based on a rapid review including primary and secondary reports, PN may still be considered an elusive diagnosis entity, that partially overlaps with other EDs, either well-defined, like anorexia nervosa, or still in search of their own diagnosis criteria, like orthorexia nervosa. Neurochemical and hormonal factors, psychological and social mechanisms, along with lifestyle changes create a very complex framework for clinicians interested in defining the typical features of pregorexia nervosa (PN). The personal history of EDs is considered one of the most important risk factors for PN. The core diagnostic criteria for this entity are, so far, lack of gaining weight during pregnancy, an excessive focus on counting calories and/or intense physical exercising with a secondary decrease of interest in the fetus\'s health, lack of acceptance of the change in body shape during pregnancy, and pathological attention for own body image. Regarding the treatment of PN, nutritional and psychosocial interventions are recommended but no specific therapeutic strategies for this disorder have been detected in the literature. Psychotherapy is considered the main intervention for pregnant women with associated EDs and mood disorders, as the pharmacological agents could have teratogenic effects or insufficient data to support their safety in this population. In conclusion, taking into consideration the methodological limitations of a rapid review, data supporting the existence of PN were found, mainly regarding tentative diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and pathophysiological aspects. These data, corroborated with the importance of preserving optimal mental health in a vulnerable population, e.g., pregnant women, justify the need for further research focused on finding specific diagnostic criteria and targeted therapeutic approaches.