大量储备,高容量,和低成本是无序碳材料作为钠离子电池(SIB)优异负极材料的核心竞争力。而大量有机固体废物的存在和处理不当会加重环境负担,因此,将废物转化为碳基材料对于可持续能源利用具有重要意义。在这里,报道了一种以废弃生物质泡沫为前体的硬质碳材料,可以通过预氧化策略提高钠的储存性能。含氧基团的引入可以促进结构交联,并抑制高温碳化过程中碳结构的熔化和重排,从而产生具有合适石墨化程度的无序结构。此外,在高温碳化过程中,微孔结构也受到调控,有利于钠离子在低压高原地区的储存。作为电极材料的优化样品表现出优异的可逆比容量(308.0mAhg-1)和初始库仑效率(ICE,90.1%)。此外,具有废泡沫衍生的硬碳阳极和Na3V2(PO4)3阴极的全电池具有高ICE和能量密度。这项工作为将废物转化为钠离子电池的高价值硬碳阳极提供了有效的策略。
Large reserves, high capacity, and low cost are the core competitiveness of disordered carbon materials as excellent anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). And the existence and improper treatment of a large number of organic solid wastes will aggravate the burden on the environment, therefore, it is significant to transform wastes into carbon-based materials for sustainable energy utilization. Herein, a kind of hard carbon materials are reported with waste biomass-foam as the precursor, which can improve the sodium storage performance through pre-oxidation strategy. The introduction of oxygen-containing groups can promote structural cross-linking, and inhibit the melting and rearrangement of carbon structure during high-temperature carbonization that produces a disordered structure with a suitable degree of graphitization. Moreover, the micropore structure are also regulated during the high-temperature carbonization process, which is conducive to the storage of sodium ions in the low-voltage plateau region. The optimized sample as an electrode material exhibits excellent reversible specific capacity (308.0 mAh g-1) and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE, 90.1%). In addition, a full cell with the waste foam-derived hard carbon anode and a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode is constructed with high ICE and energy density. This work provides an effective strategy to conversion the waste to high-value hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries.