全球范围内,一些研究调查了有前途的草药植物的利用和功效,以提高牲畜和家禽的生产。肉鸡日粮中最常用的植物性菌是牛至,大蒜,大蒜百里香,迷迭香,黑胡椒,热红辣椒(HRP),还有Sage.植物生物是根据植物的药用特性进行分类的,他们的精油提取物,和它们的生物活性化合物。植物中的大多数生物活性化合物是次生代谢产物,比如萜类化合物,酚醛,糖苷,和生物碱。这些生物活性成分的组成和浓度根据它们的生物因素和制造和储存条件而变化。此外,HRP是人类饮食中最重要和最广泛使用的香料之一。辣椒年生,也就是说,HRP,是植物属辣椒(胡椒)的一种,这是一种原产于北美南部和南美北部的物种,被广泛种植并用于其新鲜或煮熟的水果。此外,这些水果可以用作干粉或加工形式的油树脂。研究已经证明C.annuum是唯一产生生物碱辣椒素的植物。大约48%的活性物质是辣椒素(8-甲基-N-香草基-6-壬胺),负责HRP品种的强烈作用的主要活性化合物和诱导热风味的主要成分。这篇综述旨在强调HRP作为植物生物在肉鸡营养中的作用及其作为抗生素替代品的作用方式,并阐明其对肉鸡和蛋鸡生产力的影响。
Globally, several studies have investigated the utilization and efficacy of promising medicinal herbal plants to enhance livestock and poultry production. The most commonly investigated phytobiotics in broiler ration were oregano, garlic, thyme, rosemary, black pepper, hot red pepper (HRP), and sage. Phytobiotics are classified on the basis of the medicinal properties of plants, their essential oil extracts, and their bioactive compounds. The majority of bioactive compounds in plants are secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, phenolic, glycosides, and alkaloids. The composition and concentrations of these bioactive constitutes vary according to their biological factors and manufacturing and storage conditions. Furthermore, HRP is one of the most important and widely used spices in the human diet. Capsicum annum, that is, HRP, is a species of the plant genus Capsicum (pepper), which is a species native to southern North America and northern South America and is widely grown and utilized for its fresh or cooked fruits. Moreover, these fruits may be used as dried powders or processed forms of oleoresins. Researches have proven that C. annuum is the only plant that produces the alkaloid capsaicinoids. Approximately 48% of its active substances are capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonemide), the main active compound responsible for the intense effects of HRP varieties and the main component inducing the hot flavor. This review aimed to highlight the effects of HRP as a phytobiotic in broiler nutrition and its mode of action as a possible alternative to antibiotics and clarify its impact on broiler and layer productivity.