■在猪中,肠道微生物组及其可能的调节以改善饲料转化或疫苗功效正在获得更多关注。从大坝上断奶的猪,以及许多常规程序,压力很大。更好地了解该过程对微生物组的影响对于改善猪的生产可能很重要。这项研究的目的是建立一个断奶猪插管模型,因此,允许在不同的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)感染状态下,从同一猪中收集回肠内容物,以进行16SrRNA测序。
■共有15只3周龄猪接受了腹部手术,并装有回肠套管,随着时间的推移收集回肠内容物。在这项试点研究中,治疗组包括NEG-对照组(无疫苗接种,无PRRSV挑战),POS-对照组(无疫苗接种,挑战PRRSV),VAC-PRRSV组(接种疫苗,挑战PRRSV),VAC-PRO-PRRSV组(接种疫苗,补充益生菌,挑战PRRSV),和VAC-ANTI-PRRSV组(接种疫苗,服用抗生素,挑战PRRSV)。我们评估了微生物组随时间的变化,并测量了抗PRRSV血清抗体,血清和鼻腔样本中的PRRSV负荷,以及肺部病变的严重程度。
■接种疫苗可预防PRRSV攻击,不管其他治疗。所有接种疫苗的猪在疫苗接种后1周内对PRRSV产生免疫应答。治疗对多样性的明显影响,结构,并且未观察到各组之间肠道微生物组的分类丰度。相反,观察到与时间和治疗有关的对回肠微生物组的显着影响。
■这项初步研究中描述的插管模型有可能有助于研究断奶的影响,疫苗接种,疾病挑战,和抗生素对肠道微生物组的影响及其对猪健康和生产的影响。值得注意的是,尽管有插管程序,所有接种疫苗的猪表现出强烈的免疫反应,并保持对PRRSV攻击的保护,抗PRRSV血清抗体和病毒脱落数据的发展证明了这一点。
UNASSIGNED: The enteric microbiome and its possible modulation to improve feed conversion or vaccine efficacy is gaining more attention in pigs. Weaning pigs from their dam, along with many routine procedures, is stressful. A better understanding of the impact of this process on the microbiome may be important for improving pig production. The objective of this study was to develop a weaner pig cannulation model, thus allowing ileum content collection from the same pig over time for 16S rRNA sequencing under different porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection statuses.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 15 3-week-old pigs underwent abdominal surgery and were fitted with an ileum cannula, with ileum contents collected over time. In this pilot study, treatment groups included a NEG-CONTROL group (no vaccination, no PRRSV challenge), a POS-CONTROL group (no vaccination, challenged with PRRSV), a VAC-PRRSV group (vaccinated, challenged with PRRSV), a VAC-PRO-PRRSV group (vaccinated, supplemented with a probiotic, challenged with PRRSV), and a VAC-ANTI-PRRSV group (vaccinated, administered an antibiotic, challenged with PRRSV). We assessed the microbiome over time and measured anti-PRRSV serum antibodies, PRRSV load in serum and nasal samples, and the severity of lung lesions.
UNASSIGNED: Vaccination was protective against PRRSV challenge, irrespective of other treatments. All vaccinated pigs mounted an immune response to PRRSV within 1 week after vaccination. A discernible impact of treatment on the diversity, structure, and taxonomic abundance of the enteric microbiome among the groups was not observed. Instead, significant influences on the ileum microbiome were observed in relation to time and treatment.
UNASSIGNED: The cannulation model described in this pilot study has the potential to be useful in studying the impact of weaning, vaccination, disease challenge, and antimicrobial administration on the enteric microbiome and its impact on pig health and production. Remarkably, despite the cannulation procedures, all vaccinated pigs exhibited robust immune responses and remained protected against PRRSV challenge, as evidenced by the development of anti-PRRSV serum antibodies and viral shedding data.