■低钠血症是一种常见的电解质紊乱。严重低钠血症的死亡率为4%-40%。精神病患者可能由于烦渴或抗精神病药的不利影响而发展这种状况。我们调查了患有和不患有严重低钠血症的精神疾病患者的特征。
■我们回顾性调查了2012年10月至2015年11月我院(所有科室)入院时血清钠浓度≤125mmol/l的病例。我们比较了患者特征,病因学,精神病患者和非精神病患者之间的临床过程。
■总共,对123例(女性62例)进行分析。69例(56%)出现精神病,包括精神分裂症(n=19),厌食症(n=16),情绪障碍(n=14),和器质性精神障碍(n=9)。患者平均年龄为63岁。入院时平均血清钠浓度为119mmol/l,低钠血症的主要原因是多饮(20%),钠摄入量不足(18%),和抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征(16%)。与非精神病组相比,精神病组明显年轻(55vs.74年),更有可能患有多饮(30%vs.6%),住院死亡率较低(0%vs.17%)。
■我们的研究发现严重低钠血症的精神病患者和非精神病患者的临床表现存在差异。临床医生需要监测血清钠,因为低钠血症的症状可以模仿精神疾病的症状。
UNASSIGNED: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder. The severe hyponatremia has a mortality rate of 4%-40%. Psychiatric patients are likely to develop the condition because of
polydipsia or the adverse effects of antipsychotics. We investigated the characteristics of patients with and without psychiatric diseases who developed severe hyponatremia.
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively investigated cases admitted to our hospital (all departments) between October 2012 and November 2015 with a serum sodium concentration of ≤125 mmol/l on admission. We compared patient characteristics, etiology, and clinical course between psychiatric and nonpsychiatric patients.
UNASSIGNED: In total, 123 cases (62 female) were analyzed. Psychiatric disorders were present in 69 cases (56%), including schizophrenia (n = 19), anorexia (n = 16), mood disorders (n = 14), and organic mental disorders (n = 9). The mean patient age was 63 years. The mean serum sodium concentration on admission was 119 mmol/l, and the main causes of hyponatremia were
polydipsia (20%), insufficient sodium intake (18%), and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (16%). Compared with the nonpsychiatric group, the psychiatric group was significantly younger (55 vs. 74 years), was more likely to have
polydipsia (30% vs. 6%), and had a lower in-hospital mortality (0% vs. 17%).
UNASSIGNED: Our study found differences in the clinical picture between psychiatric and nonpsychiatric patients with severe hyponatremia. Clinicians need to monitor serum sodium because the symptoms of hyponatremia can mimic those of psychiatric diseases.