这项研究旨在评估孕妇接受流感疫苗的态度和意愿以及影响其决定的因素。对闵行区各医疗机构接受产前保健的孕妇进行抽样调查,上海,2023年3月至6月。调查包括对人口统计信息的询问,知识,以及对流感疾病和流感疫苗的认识。采用Logistic回归模型和卡方检验对数据进行分析。6.9%(78/1125)的参与者考虑在怀孕期间接种流感疫苗。研究生以上学历的参与者(OR=4.632,95CI:1.046-20.517),非上班族(OR=2.784,95CI:1.560-4.970),配偶不是办公室工作人员的参与者(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.294-0.913)与高意愿接种疫苗显著相关.具有优越知识(>30分)的参与者表现出更大的意愿(p<.001)。将流感后症状视为轻度的参与者在怀孕期间接种疫苗的意愿明显较低(2.3%),与不同意的人相比(p=0.015)。相反,那些认识到孕妇流感后因呼吸道疾病导致住院风险增加的人更倾向于在怀孕期间接种疫苗(8.8%)(p=.007).认识到益处的参与者一致表示愿意在怀孕期间接种流感疫苗(p<.001),而那些感知障碍的人一致拒绝接种疫苗(p<.001)。高等教育,非办公室工作人员身份,并且有一个上班族配偶与怀孕期间接受流感疫苗的更大意愿相关。增强对流感及其疫苗的知识和准确认识影响了意愿。积累有关流感及其疫苗的知识可以促进准确的认识。值得注意的是,怀孕期间接种疫苗的总体意愿仍然很低,可能是出于安全考虑,缺乏准确的认知。有针对性的健康教育,改善医疗保健提供者和孕妇之间的沟通,强调疫苗对母亲和儿童的益处的运动至关重要。
This study aimed to assess the attitudes and willingness of pregnant women to receive the influenza vaccine and the factors influencing their decisions. A sample survey was conducted among pregnant women receiving prenatal care at various medical institutions in Minhang District, Shanghai, from March to June 2023. The survey included inquiries about demographic information, knowledge, and perception of influenza disease and influenza vaccine. Logistic regression models and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. 6.9% (78/1125) of participants considered receiving the influenza vaccine during pregnancy. Participants with graduate education or above (OR = 4.632, 95%CI: 1.046-20.517), non-office workers (OR = 2.784, 95%CI: 1.560-4.970), and participants whose spouses were not office workers (OR = 0.518, 95% CI: 0.294-0.913) were significantly associated with high intent to vaccinate. Participants with superior knowledge (>30 points) exhibited greater willingness (p < .001). Participants who viewed post-influenza symptoms as mild had a significantly lower willingness to vaccinate during pregnancy (2.3%), compared to those who disagreed (p = .015). Conversely, those recognizing a heightened risk of hospitalization due to respiratory diseases in pregnant women post-influenza were significantly more inclined to vaccinate during pregnancy (8.8%) (p = .007). Participants recognizing benefits uniformly expressed willingness to receive the influenza vaccine during pregnancy (p < .001), while those perceiving barriers uniformly rejected vaccination (p < .001). Higher education, non-office worker status, and having an office worker spouse correlate with greater willingness to receive the influenza vaccine during pregnancy. Enhanced knowledge and accurate
perceptions of influenza and its vaccine influenced willingness. Accumulating knowledge about influenza and its vaccine fosters accurate
perceptions. Notably, overall willingness to vaccinate during pregnancy remains low, likely due to safety concerns, and lack of accurate
perceptions. Targeted health education, improved communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women, and campaigns highlighting vaccine benefits for mothers and children are essential.