背景:患者作为个人医疗保健的积极伙伴是降低成本的关键驱动力,确保资源的有效利用,并确保患者-提供者的满意度。尽管这些好处是公认的,在这种情况下使用的过多概念的理论框架,比如病人参与,患者赋权,或者缺少患者参与。此外,这些术语的异构或同义用法导致误解,缺少标准的概念度量,以及理论构建和测试方面的不足。我们的目标是展示专注于患者作为个人医疗保健的积极合作伙伴的概念之间的关系和区别。
方法:进行了系统的文献综述,以巩固与在医疗保健中发挥积极作用的患者相关的术语。从PubMed筛选的442篇文章中,包括最后一组17篇论文。包括任何概念化或呈现概念之间关系的文章。信息是综合的,矛盾被系统地解开。概念及其关系通过采用概念图来结构化和表示。
结果:以患者为中心是一个主要受医疗保健提供者影响的概念,可以提高患者的能力,态度,以及对他们个人医疗保健的行为。使患者变得更有能力最终可以导致他们更大的参与和参与。培养患者的积极作用还可以增加他们对护理途径的依从性。总的来说,在将患者转变为个人医疗保健中的积极伙伴方面,患者参与似乎是最有说服力和最先进的概念。
结论:我们呼吁对术语进行更严格的划界,从而在将来对术语进行术语标准化,以避免进一步的歧义和误解。概念图为统一理解和应用概念提供了基础。通过对术语及其维度的全面理解,概念之间的关系可以利用,可以得出度量,可以加强理论建设和测试,从而更好地接受和利用医疗保健服务中的概念。此外,患者参与被认为是主题领域中最有说服力和最先进的概念。
BACKGROUND: Patients as active partners in their personal healthcare are key drivers to reducing costs, securing an effective usage of resources, and ensuring patient-provider satisfaction. Even though these benefits are acknowledged, a theoretical framework for the plethora of concepts used in this context, such as patient engagement, patient empowerment, or patient involvement is missing. Furthermore, the heterogeneous or synonymous usage of these terms leads to miscommunication, missing standard conceptual measures, and a deficiency in theory building and testing. Our objective is to show what the relationships and distinctions between concepts focussing on patients as active partners in their personal healthcare are.
METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted to consolidate terms related to patients\' having an active role in their healthcare. From 442 articles screened in PubMed, a final set of 17 papers was included. Any articles conceptualising or presenting relationships between the concepts were included. Information was synthesised, and contradictions were unravelled systematically. The concepts and their relationships are structured and represented by employing a concept map.
RESULTS: Patient-centredness is a concept dominantly influenced by health care providers and can enhance patients\' competencies, attitudes, and behaviours towards their personal healthcare. Enabling patients to become more empowered can ultimately lead to their greater involvement and engagement. Fostering an active role of patients can also increase their adherence to the care pathway. In general, patient engagement seems to be the most conclusive and furthest developed concept in terms of turning patients into active partners in their personal healthcare.
CONCLUSIONS: We plead for a stricter demarcation and therefore a terminological standardisation of the terms in the future to avoid further ambiguity and miscommunication. The concept map presents a basis for a uniform understanding and application of the concepts. Through a comprehensive understanding of the terms and their dimensions, relationships between the concepts can be utilised, measures can be derived, and theory building and testing can be enhanced, leading to better acceptance and utilisation of concepts in healthcare services. Furthermore, patient engagement is presented to be the most conclusive and furthest developed concept in the subject area.