玉米和cow豆是大多数非洲人口消费最多的主食,对粮食安全具有重要意义,作物多样化,生物多样性保护,和生计。为了满足日益增长的农产品需求,肥料和杀虫剂已被广泛用于增加产量和保护植物免受病原体侵害。然而,过度使用这些化学品会对环境和公众健康产生有害影响。这些包括土壤酸化,生物多样性的丧失,地下水污染,土壤肥力下降,重金属污染农作物,等。因此,对于寻找替代方案以促进可持续农业并确保人民的粮食和福祉至关重要。在这些替代方案中,提供可持续发展的农业技术,减少或消除农业投入物的过度使用的环保解决方案越来越引起研究人员的注意。一种这样的替代方案是使用有益的土壤微生物,例如促进植物生长的根际细菌(PGPR)。PGPR提供多种生态服务,可以作为作物产量增强剂和生物防治剂发挥重要作用。它们可以促进植物的根系发育,增加它们从土壤中吸收水分和养分的能力,增加应力耐受性,减少疾病,促进根系发育。先前的研究强调了使用PGPR提高农业生产力的好处。全面了解PGPR的作用机制及其作为生物肥料的开发将为增加农业生产提供有希望的前景,特别是玉米和豆豆,为了确保可持续和繁荣的农业,同时有助于粮食安全和减少化肥和农药对环境的影响。展望未来,PGPR研究应继续加深我们对这些微生物及其对作物影响的认识,以不断改进可持续农业实践。另一方面,农民和农业产业参与者需要意识到PGPR的好处,并鼓励采用它们来促进可持续农业实践。
Maize and cowpea are among the staple foods most consumed by most of the African population, and are of significant importance in food security, crop diversification, biodiversity preservation, and livelihoods. In order to satisfy the growing demand for agricultural products, fertilizers and pesticides have been extensively used to increase yields and protect plants against pathogens. However, the excessive use of these chemicals has harmful consequences on the environment and also on public health. These include soil acidification, loss of biodiversity, groundwater pollution, reduced soil fertility, contamination of crops by heavy metals, etc. Therefore, essential to find alternatives to promote sustainable agriculture and ensure the food and well-being of the people. Among these alternatives, agricultural techniques that offer sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions that reduce or eliminate the excessive use of agricultural inputs are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. One such alternative is the use of beneficial soil microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR provides a variety of ecological services and can play an essential role as crop yield enhancers and biological control agents. They can promote root development in plants, increasing their capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, increase stress tolerance, reduce disease and promote root development. Previous research has highlighted the benefits of using PGPRs to increase agricultural productivity. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of action of PGPRs and their exploitation as biofertilizers would present a promising prospect for increasing agricultural production, particularly in maize and cowpea, and for ensuring sustainable and prosperous agriculture, while contributing to food security and reducing the impact of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the environment. Looking ahead, PGPR research should continue to deepen our understanding of these microorganisms and their impact on crops, with a view to constantly improving sustainable agricultural practices. On the other hand, farmers and agricultural industry players need to be made aware of the benefits of PGPRs and encouraged to adopt them to promote sustainable agricultural practices.