背景和目的需要积极积极的措施来对抗宫颈癌,与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)有关。HPV基因分型有助于识别高危菌株,能够进行有针对性的筛查和风险评估。这为治疗决策提供了信息,减少宫颈癌病例。鉴于此,我们对Pap细胞学和HPV基因型进行了回顾性分析,以评估罗马尼亚西部的新筛查计划.了解HPV患病率,基因型相关性,和风险因素将有助于完善风险分层模型并增强公共卫生策略。方法这项回顾性研究分析了195例平均年龄为40岁的患者的巴氏涂片[标准差(SD):12岁],发病高峰在25到30年之间。患者队列,城乡代表权平等,包括两年来向市政急诊临床医院蒂米索瓦拉的妇科门诊就诊的性活跃的育龄妇女。没有性活动的患者和绝经的患者被排除在外。对67例患者进行HPV基因分型。使用JASP分析数据,采用描述性统计数据,频率表,列联表,卡方检验,赔率比,和费希尔的精确检验。结果在195例接受巴氏涂片检查的患者中,最普遍的发现是阴性(77.95%),表明没有检测到异常细胞。较小比例的患者表现出低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL,11.28%)或意义不明的非典型鳞状细胞(ASC-US,8.72%)的调查结果。高级别病变(HSIL,ASC-H)很少见。对于细胞学分级,第二类(CII)是最普遍的(75.90%),其次是第三类(CIII,24.10%)。对一部分患者(n=67)进行HPV基因分型。其中,类型16是最常见的(28.36%),其次是其他高风险类型(20.89%),第16类(28.35%),和18型(13.43%)。65.64%的患者未进行HPV检测。总的来说,该研究表明,绝大多数患者的巴氏涂片检查正常。然而,一小部分确实有异常发现,包括HPV感染。这些发现强调了巴氏涂片筛查对早期发现宫颈异常的重要性。结论我们来自罗马尼亚西部的研究强调了HPV检测和Pap细胞学在宫颈癌预防中的重要性。HPV检测是识别高危女性的有力工具,当与巴氏细胞学结合时,它提供了更全面的筛查策略。我们的研究还揭示了不同的HPV基因型分布,这表明需要更广谱的疫苗,如非价疫苗。尽管我们的研究有局限性,我们的发现强调了将HPV检测纳入国家筛查指南的必要性.未来的研究应该集中在更大的研究和广谱疫苗的成本效益上。根据这些发现实施政策可能会导致罗马尼亚西部更有效地预防宫颈癌。
Background and objective Vigorous proactive measures are needed to combat cervical cancer, linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV genotyping aids in identifying high-risk strains, enabling targeted screening and risk assessment. This informs treatment decisions, reducing cervical cancer cases. In light of this, we conducted a retrospective analysis of Pap cytology and HPV genotypes to assess western Romania\'s new screening program. Understanding HPV prevalence, genotype correlations, and risk factors will help refine risk stratification models and enhance public health strategies. Methodology This retrospective study analyzed Pap smears from 195 patients with a mean age of 40 years [standard deviation (SD): 12 years], with a peak of incidence between 25 and 30 years. The patient cohort, with equal representation from urban and rural areas, comprised sexually active women of reproductive age presenting to the Gynaecology Ambulatory of the Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital Timișoara over two years. Patients not sexually active and those in menopause were excluded. HPV genotyping was done on 67 patients. Data were analyzed using JASP, employing descriptive statistics, frequency tables, contingency tables, chi-squared test, odds ratio, and Fisher\'s exact test. Results Among 195 patients undergoing Pap smear tests, the most prevalent finding was negative (77.95%), indicating no abnormal cells detected. A smaller proportion of patients exhibited low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, 11.28%) or atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US, 8.72%) findings. High-grade lesions (HSIL, ASC-H) were rare. For cytology grading, Category II (CII) was the most prevalent (75.90%), followed by Category III (CIII, 24.10%). HPV genotyping was performed on a subset of patients (n=67). Among them, Type 16 was the most frequent (28.36%), followed by Other high-risk types (20.89%), Type 16 (28.35%), and Type 18 (13.43%). HPV testing was not performed for 65.64% of the patients. Overall, the study suggests that a significant majority of the patients had normal Pap smears. However, a small proportion did have abnormal findings, including HPV infection. These findings highlight the importance of Pap smear screening for early detection of cervical abnormalities. Conclusions Our study from western Romania highlights the importance of HPV testing and Pap cytology in cervical cancer prevention. HPV testing is a potent tool for identifying high-risk women, and when combined with Pap cytology, it provides a more comprehensive screening strategy. Our research also revealed a diverse HPV genotype distribution, suggesting the need for broader-spectrum vaccines like the nonavalent vaccine. Despite our study\'s limitations, our findings underscore the need for including HPV testing in national screening guidelines. Future research should focus on larger studies and the cost-effectiveness of broader-spectrum vaccines. Implementing policies based on these findings could lead to more effective cervical cancer prevention in western Romania.