目标:整合经过培训和付费的同伴助手对症状的计划的有效性,对双相情感障碍或精神分裂症患者的生活质量和康复仍知之甚少.影响同伴助手融入医疗团队的因素也知之甚少。
方法:对文献进行了系统综述。我们系统地搜索了多个电子数据库中的文章:(i)探索经过培训和付费的同伴助手干预双相情感障碍和精神分裂症的有效性(ii)报告同伴助手整合的障碍和促进者。
结果:包括48篇文章,24关于同伴助手干预的有效性,18个关于障碍,13个关于将同伴助手纳入卫生团队的促进者。其中,25个基于定性方法(7个涉及同伴助手干预的有效性,14障碍和7促进他们的整合);23基于定量方法(9项研究侧重于同伴助手干预的有效性,2关于障碍,6关于融合促进者)。23项定量研究包括8项随机对照试验。
结论:尽管它们具有异质性,结果表明,同伴助手的干预对恢复有积极影响,生活质量,社会功能,双相情感障碍或精神分裂症患者的身体健康和临床结果。结果还表明,同伴助手的整合受到护理人员对同伴助手角色的认识和对恢复模式的了解的青睐。结果突出表明,同伴助手需要扮演明确的角色并受到监督,最好由另一个对等助手。
OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of programs integrating trained and paid peer helpers on symptoms, quality of life and recovery of persons with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia is still poorly understood. The factors influencing the integration of peer helpers into healthcare teams are also poorly understood.
METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed. We systematically searched multiple electronic databases for articles: (i) exploring the effectiveness of the intervention of trained and paid peer helpers in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia (ii) reporting barriers and facilitators to the integration of peer helpers.
RESULTS: Forty-eight articles were included, 24 on the effectiveness of the intervention of peer helpers, 18 on barriers and 13 on facilitators to the integration of peer helpers in health teams. Of them, 25 were based upon qualitative methods (7 concerning the effectiveness of the intervention of peer helpers, 14 the barriers and 7 the facilitators to their integration); 23 were based upon quantitative methods (9 studies focused on the effectiveness of peer helper intervention, 2 on barriers and 6 on integration facilitators). The 23 quantitative studies included 8 randomized controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS: In spite of their heterogeneity, the results suggest that that interventions of peer helpers have a positive impact on the recovery, quality of life, social functioning, physical health and clinical outcome of persons with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. The results also showed that the integration of peer helpers is favored by caregivers\' awareness about the role of peer helpers and knowledge about the recovery model. The results highlight the need for peer helpers to have a well-defined role and to be supervised, preferably by another peer helper.