背景:膀胱测压对于评估膀胱功能至关重要。然而,儿童可能会对导尿的身体疼痛或焦虑以及对陌生环境的恐惧做出负面反应。膀胱测压过程中的这些疼痛反应可能会干扰膀胱测压过程,并难以解释膀胱测压结果。在这方面,国际儿童连续性协会建议在抱着婴儿时进行膀胱测压作为一种有效的非药物疼痛管理方法,但是没有足够的证据支持这一点。
目的:本研究旨在分析父母在膀胱测压期间对减轻儿童疼痛的影响。
方法:这是一项随机对照前后试验设计的实验研究。总共招募了64名6-18个月的参与者。在膀胱测压期间,实验组的参与者被放在父母的膝盖上,并抱在父母的怀里。对照组的参与者被放在检查台上。在手术过程中,两组父母都被允许以各种方式触摸他们的孩子,除了抱着他们,如果他们愿意,可以使用安抚奶嘴。行为(面部,腿,活动,哭泣,在三个时间点(立即,3,以及插入尿道导管后10分钟)。
结果:比较两组,在实验组中,导尿管插入后3分钟(t=-2.165,p=0.034)和10分钟(t=-3.155,p=0.002)的行为疼痛反应比导尿管插入后立即降低。此外,氧饱和度增加更多(t=2.021,p=0.048),实验组插入导尿管后10min心率比3min下降更多(t=-2.033,p=0.047)。
结论:这项研究表明,父母抱抱可以减轻儿童膀胱测压过程中的疼痛反应。需要进一步的研究来确认在膀胱测压期间父母持有的适用性和有用性。
BACKGROUND: Cystometry is essential for evaluating bladder function. However, children may react negatively to the physical pain of urethral catheterization or anxiety and fear of an unfamiliar environment. These pain responses during the cystometry procedure may interfere with the cystometry procedure and make it difficult to interpret the cystometry result. In this regard, the International Children\'s Continence Society has advised performing cystometry while holding infants as an effective nonpharmacological pain management method, but there is insufficient evidence to support this.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the effect of parental holding on reducing pain in children during cystometry.
METHODS: This was an experimental study in a randomized controlled pre-post test design. A total of 64 participants aged 6-18 months were recruited. During cystometry, the participants in the experimental group were placed on the parent\'s laps and held in the parents\' arms. The participants in the control group were laid down on the examination table. During the procedure, both groups of parents were allowed to touch their children in all ways except holding them and to use the pacifier if they wished. The behavioral (face, leg, activity, cry, consolability scale) and physiological (oxygen saturation and heart rate) pain responses were measured at three-time points (immediately, 3, and 10 min after urethral catheter insertion).
RESULTS: Comparing the two groups, in the experimental group, the behavioral pain response at 3 min after urethral catheter insertion (t = -2.165, p = 0.034) and 10 min after (t = -3.155, p = 0.002) was decreased compared with that immediately after urethral catheter insertion. In addition, oxygen saturation increased more (t = 2.021, p = 0.048), and the heart rate decreased more (t = -2.033, p = 0.047) at 10 min than at 3 min after urethral catheter insertion in the experimental group.
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that parental holding could reduce pain responses during cystometry in children. Further research is required to confirm the applicability and usefulness of parental holding during cystometry.