太平洋白对虾亲鱼营养及饲料开发研究,凡纳滨对虾,是罕见的,亲鱼品质差是制约对虾养殖种子供应的关键因素。作为南美白对虾性腺发育的必需营养素,一种对照饮食(无磷脂)和三种典型的磷脂(大豆卵磷脂,蛋黄卵磷脂,和磷虾油)在4%磷脂的半纯化饮食中进行了28天的试验(初始重量34.7±4.2g)。日粮补充磷脂可显著促进雌性南美白对虾卵巢成熟。与大豆卵磷脂和蛋黄卵磷脂相比,磷虾油表现出最好的阳性结果。饲喂饮食磷虾油的虾获得了明显更高的性腺指数,蛋黄颗粒沉积,脂质积累,和雌激素分泌比其他来源。卵巢脂质组学分析表明,磷虾油丰富了卵巢的脂质组成。通过拓扑途径分析,“甘油磷脂代谢”和“鞘脂代谢”途径显着变化。基因和枢纽基因,表达水平明显不同,在脂肪酸代谢途径中显著富集,“\”甘油磷脂代谢,转录组学分析的“和”花生四烯酸代谢途径。转录组和脂质组学的相关性分析表明,差异基因“激素敏感性脂肪酶样”(HSL)与各种脂质呈正相关[甘油三酯(TG),磷脂酸(PA),磷脂酰丝氨酸(P),磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),葡萄糖基神经酰胺(GlcCer),磷脂酰甘油(PG),和磷脂酰肌醇(PI)],但与二酰基甘油(DG)呈负相关,溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE),和鞘磷脂(SM)。总之,膳食磷脂,尤其是磷虾油作为磷脂来源,可以通过增加甘油三酯和甾醇等营养物质的积累来促进凡纳滨对虾卵巢的发育,以及雌激素或相关激素的分泌,如雌二醇和甲基farneside,通过影响甘油磷脂和一些关键脂肪酸的代谢。
Research on nutrition and feed development for the broodstock of the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is rare, and a poor broodstock quality is a critical factor restricting the seed supply in shrimp farming. As an essential nutrient for the gonadal development of L. vannamei, one control diet (no phospholipid) and three typical phospholipids (soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, and krill oil) were evaluated in a semipurified diet of 4% phospholipid for a 28-day trial (initial weight 34.7 ± 4.2 g). Dietary phospholipid supplementation significantly promoted the ovarian maturation of female L. vannamei. Compared with soybean lecithin and egg yolk lecithin, krill oil showed the best positive results. Shrimp fed with a diet krill oil has obtained a significantly higher gonadosomatic index, yolk particle deposition, lipid accumulation, and estrogen secretion than from other sources. Ovary lipidomic analysis showed that the krill oil enriched the lipid composition of the ovary. The \"glycerophospholipid metabolism\" and \"sphingolipid metabolism\" pathways were significantly varied via topological pathway analysis. Genes and hub genes, with significantly different expression levels, were significantly enriched in the \"fatty acid metabolism pathway,\" \"glycerophospholipid metabolism,\" and \"arachidonic acid metabolism\" pathways by transcriptomic analysis. Correlation analysis of the transcriptome and lipidomics showed that the differential gene \"hormone-sensitive lipase-like\" (HSL) was positively correlated with various lipids [triglycerides (TG), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylserine (P), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), glucosylceramide (GlcCer), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidylinositol (PI)] but was negatively correlated with diacylglycerol (DG), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), and sphingomyelin (SM). In conclusion, the dietary phospholipids, especially krill oil as a phospholipid source, can promote the development of L. vannamei ovaries by increasing the accumulation of nutrients such as triglycerides and sterols, and the secretion of estrogen or related hormones, such as estradiol and methylfarneside, by affecting the metabolism of glycerol phospholipids and some key fatty acids.