在两个身份之间创建的面部变形类似于用于创建变形的两个面部。因此,人类和机器容易将由两个身份构成的变形错误为用于创建变形的任何一个面孔。此漏洞已在安全场景中的“变形攻击”中被利用。这里,我们询问“其他种族效应”(ORE)-人类识别自己与人的优势其他种族面孔加剧了人类的变形攻击敏感性。我们还询问了深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)中的人脸识别性能是否受到变形人脸种族的影响。高加索人(CA)和东亚(EA)参与者在两种情况下对CA和EA人脸图像进行了人脸身份匹配任务。在变形条件下,不同的身份对由身份图像“A”和身份图像“A”和“B”之间的50/50变体组成。在基线条件下,不同身份的变形从未出现。不出所料,与原始人脸图像相比,错误地识别变形的频率更高。最感兴趣的是,跨种族面孔的变形识别要比自己种族的面孔差很多。和人类一样,DCNN对原始人脸图像的执行比对变形图像对更准确。值得注意的是,在这两种情况下,深度网络被证明比人类更准确。结果表明,当呈现变形面部时,DCNN可能有助于提高面部识别准确性。它们还表明了在应用环境中,面部种族在变形攻击敏感性中的重要性。
Facial morphs created between two identities resemble both of the faces used to create the morph. Consequently, humans and machines are prone to mistake morphs made from two identities for either of the faces used to create the morph. This vulnerability has been exploited in \"morph attacks\" in security scenarios. Here, we asked whether the \"other-race effect\" (ORE)-the human advantage for identifying own- vs. other-race faces-exacerbates morph attack susceptibility for humans. We also asked whether face-identification performance in a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) is affected by the race of morphed faces. Caucasian (CA) and East-Asian (EA) participants performed a face-identity matching task on pairs of CA and EA face images in two conditions. In the morph condition, different-identity pairs consisted of an image of identity \"A\" and a 50/50 morph between images of identity \"A\" and \"B\". In the baseline condition, morphs of different identities never appeared. As expected, morphs were identified mistakenly more often than original face images. Of primary interest, morph identification was substantially worse for cross-race faces than for own-race faces. Similar to humans, the DCNN performed more accurately for original face images than for morphed image pairs. Notably, the deep network proved substantially more accurate than humans in both cases. The results point to the possibility that DCNNs might be useful for improving face identification accuracy when morphed faces are presented. They also indicate the significance of the race of a face in morph attack susceptibility in applied settings.