人类眼胚胎学的复杂步骤受到细胞和遗传信号通路以及无数可能影响怀孕的外部因素的影响。如环境、新陈代谢,荷尔蒙因素,药物,和宫内感染。这篇综述着重于介绍其中一些因素,以认识眼部发育的多因素性质并强调其临床意义。这篇评论基于来自PubMed的英语文章,WebofScience,和谷歌学者;搜索的关键词包括“怀孕期间的眼部发育,\“\”眼胚胎学,“\”母体营养,“\”眼科改变,\"和\"视觉系统开发。“虽然一些动物模型显示眼胚胎学受到这些外部因素的破坏,在人体研究中,出生后评估有限。关于这些外部因素如何破坏子宫内正常眼部发育的确切机制,还有很多未知。更重要的研究需要进一步了解这些破坏性影响的病理生理学。这篇综述中的研究结果强调了进一步研究在理解影响妊娠和新生儿眼部发育的因素之间的动态关联方面的重要性。特别是在资源有限的情况下。
The intricate steps of human ocular embryology are impacted by cellular and genetic signaling pathways and a myriad of external elements that can affect pregnancy, such as environmental, metabolic, hormonal factors, medications, and intrauterine infections. This review focuses on presenting some of these factors to recognize the multifactorial nature of ocular development and highlight their clinical significance. This review is based on English-language articles sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar; keywords searched included \"ocular development in pregnancy,\" \"ocular embryology,\" \"maternal nutrition,\" \"ophthalmic change,\" and \"visual system development.\" While some animal models show the disruption of ocular embryology from these external factors, there are limited post-birth assessments in human studies. Much remains unknown about the precise mechanisms of how these external factors can disrupt normal ocular development in utero, and more significant research is needed to understand the pathophysiology of these disruptive effects further. Findings in this review emphasize the importance of additional research in understanding the dynamic association between factors impacting gestation and neonatal ocular development, particularly in the setting of limited resources.